WAR, EUROPEAN, the great conflict, brought to an end in 1918, changed not only the boundaries of nations, but practically every in terest and character of human life. It created a gigantic upheaval among the hitherto accepted fundamental principles underlying government, law, international relations, democracy, freedom, commerce, industry, finance, labor, etc. Over a score of thrones crumbled and their former occupants sought security in exile. Revaluations and restatements have become necessary in all fields of endeavor. The conflagration in 1918 involved 93 per cent of the world's population, the countries classed as neutral had a combined population of only 130,000,000 whereas the countries which participated in the war had a combined population 'of over 1,700,000,000.
The war also brought to the front the eminent men of all nations; many of them new to fame, but whose names have now become household words. The biographies of these will be found under their respective names. The campaigns and battles brought into prominence nationalities, provinces, rivers, cities and towns previously little known. Descriptions are found in their proper places throughout the work.
In this section there is presented a complete general statement written by competent scholars and authorities on the causes, course, and de termination of the war, showing every phase of the political, military, naval, economic and administrative aspects— a scientifically devel oped and connected history of events, together with a number of articles showing how the war has effected modern life The subject divisions of this department are as follows: - Historical Introduction 15. Diplomatic Nqgotiations
2. Diplomatic History _ during the War • 3. Chronological Survey of 16. G Pershines the Wog 4. Fighting Strength of the 17. &Fleece Conference Nations 18. The Peace Treaties 8. Militaa Operations on 19. American Neutrality the Western Front 20. Neutrals and the War 6. The Eastern Front 21. The War and the Small 7. Italian Campaign Nations L Coliu4s1 and Japanese 22. Poet-War Problems sad Campaigns the Balkans 9. Turkish Campaign 23. Costs of the War 19. Balkan Campaign 24. War Casualties 25. Repatriation of Prisoners 11. Naval Operations 26. Psychology of the War 12. Aerial Operations 27. The War and Its Relation 13. The Armistices to World Commerce 14. Events Subsequent to the 28. Effect of the War on Armistices Currency See also FINANCIAL PROBLEMS AND THE WORLD WAR; FOOD PROBLEMS AND THE WAR ; IN SURANCE, INDUSTRIAL; M.EDICAL SCIENCE AND THE WORLD WARLNIAIONAL IDEALS AND THE WAR; SUBMARINE WARFARE; WAR, INSIEHHENTALITIES AND METHODS OF; WAR PENSIONS; WAR RISK INsuitaNcE; WAR WOUNDS ; WAR ZONES; ar ticles on the countries engaged, the rulers, presi dents, premiers, etc., of these countries.