VORTIGERN, vOr'ti-gern, a semi-mythical British king of the 5th century, who, according to Gildas, Bede, Ethelwerd and the (Old Eng lish Chronicle,' invited Hengist (q.v.) and Horsa to assist him against his enemies, the Picts and Scots. Whether invited by Vortigern or not, the newcomers are said to have turned against him and wrested from him the Kentish territory. There is something like unanimity in the chroniclers regarding Vortigern's char acter. They make him tyrannical and licen tious, and of course he came to a violent end in conflict.
VOS, vas, Geerhardns, American Presby terian theologian: b. Heerenveen, Holland, 14 March 1862. He was educated at the serninary of the Holland Christian Reformed Church at Amsterdam and at Princeton Seminary and was professor of theology in the former in stitution 1888-94 and since the year last named has held a similar post at Princeton. He has
published 'The Mosaic Origin of the Penta teuchal Codes' (1886) ; (De Verbondsleer in de Gerefomeede Theologic' (1891) ; (The Teach ing of Jesus' (1903), etc.
VOS, Maarten de, Flemish painter: b. Ant werp, 1532; d. oere. 1603. He studied in Antwerp under his father, Pieter de Vos, and De Vriendt, and at Venice under Tintoretto, established a school of painting in his native city in 1538 and became one of -the most popu lar artists of. his day, hundreds of engravings of his paintings and drawings being made. Among his works are (The Triumph of Christ' ; (Cmsar's Penny' ; (The Marriage at Cana,' in the cathedral at Antwerp; (Saint Luke Paint ing the Portrait of the Virgin.' He is some times stvled (the Elder,p in distinction from his son Maarten (b. 1576; d. 1613), also ail artist.