WALDECK, yard& or wOrdek, Germany, a principality consisting of Waldeck proper and Pyrmont, whence the title Waldeck-Pyrmont, sometimes given. Waldeck proper, with an area of 407 square miles, is enclosed by the Prussian provinces of Westphalia and Hesse Nassau; and Pyrmont, with an area of 25 square miles; is enclosed by Prussia, Brunswick and Lippe. Both sections are mountainous, and belor.g to the basin of the river Weser. In the western Upland, it attains in the Ettelsberg an elevation of 2,726 feet. Much of the soil is un-• suited for agriculture, but the lower valley of the Eder and the northeast of Waldeck proper, are fertile. The chief industries are agriculture and the rearing of cattle, sheep, pigs, etc. Manufactures are of small extent: the most important are tobacco and cigars (Pyrmont), liqueurs (Arolsen) and machines (Wetterburg). There are iron mines at Adorf. The constitu tion bears date 17 Aug. 1852. The princely dignity is hereditary according to primogeniture in the male line, but on the extinction of the male line it falls to the female line. The Diet consists of 15 members elected indirectly for three years. By the Treaty of Accession of 1867, renewed in 1877 and 1887, the internal ad ministration is carried on by a Landesdirektor appointed by the Prussian government with the approval of the prince. Its courts of justice are subject to those of Cassel and Hanover, and its troops form a battalion of a Prussian infantry regiment. Arolsen is the capital and residential town. The Reformation was intro duced under Count Philip IV in 1526. The imperial field-marshal, George Frederick (1664 92) was the first of its rulers to assume the style of prince. In 1712 the ruler, Anton Ulrich, was created a prince of the empire. Waldecic supported Prussia in the war of 1866, and en tered the North German Confederation in the following year. The Treaty of Accession of 1867, which makes the prince a merely nominal sovereign, was the result of a desire expressed by the Diet for union with Prussia. Pop. 61,723, of whom about 10,000 are in Pyrmont. The inhabitants are nearly all Lutherans.
val-de'k-roo-so, Pierre Marie, French statesman: b. Nantes, 2
Dec. 1846; d. Paris, 10 Aug, 1904. He studied law-, was admitted to the bar at Nantes, was elected deputy for Rennes in 1879, and in 1881 was made Minister of the Interior in Gambetta's Cabinet. This portfolio he held also with great success in the Ferry Ministry of 1883-85. In 1886 he was called t'o the Paris bar, and, though he continued to participate until 1889 in the debates of the Chamber of Deputies and in tliat year published a collection of (Discours Par lementaires,) he then withdrew temporarily from public life and became one of the fore most of French advocates. His best known case was the defense of De Lesseps (q.v.) in the Panatna Canal matter. In 1894 he returned to politics as senator for the department of the Loire, in 1895 was an unsuccessful candidate for the presidency, and in 1899 was summoned by Loubet to form a ministry. On the second attempt he succeeded in assembling in support of the Republic a cabinet including such diverse elements as Millerand, the Socialist, and Gen eral de Gallifet, who had so severely put down the Commune in 1871. He himself took again the Ministry of the Interior, and during the second Dreyfus trial, the strikes at Le Creusot, the prosecution and condemnation of Deroulide, and other troubles, he suppressed the disorder hitherto prevalent and enforced a regard for the law. The Associations bill of 1901, by which he asserted the religious associations were for the fii st time made subject to the rules governing others, was the princiPal event of the latter part of his administration. At the general election of 1902, Republican victory was complete, and Waldeck-Rousseau, regard ing his service as accomplished, resigned 3 June 1902. Ife had proved himself one of the strongest figures in recent French politics. He further published (Discours Prononces dans la re' (1 (Y)) ; (Questions Sociales) (1900) ; (Associations et Congregations) (1901) ; (La Defence Republicaine) (1902) (Pour la Repub li sue) (1905), and (L'Etat et la liberte) (2 vols., e) contain his collected speeches. Consult Ernest-Charles, Waldeck-Rousseau ) (1902).