The Cayuga and Seneca Canal has been en larged to Barge Canal dimensions and connects Cayuga and Seneca takes with the Erie Barge Canal. The New York Barge canals have standard locks 328 feet long, 45 feet wide with 12 feet of water over mitre sills. These will admit of the passage of barges carrying 2,000 or more tons. See BASGE CANAL.
These are the largest canal impnrreafent projects ever undertaken by one of the Ameri can States. West of the city of Rome is Oneida Lake, into which flows Wimcl Creek, which is canalized and connected with the Mohawk. Oneida Lake, Oneida River and Oswego River are all canalized, as well as the Seneca River from the Three River point to the outlet of Onondaga Lake, and thence southwesterly nearly to Seneca Lake. New York contains several beautiful bodies of water, such as Lake George, part of Lake Champlain, part of Lake Ontario, part of Lake Erie, Onondaga, Skane ateles, Cayuga, Seneca, Kettle*, Canandaigua and Chautauqua lakes. All of these lakes are navi sated by passenger steamers during the summer.
New Jersey.— The waterways of New Jersey comprise a portion of the lower Hudson, New York Bay, Newark Bay, Staten = Sound, Raritan Bay, the Atlantic Ocean and several arms of the ocean indenting the east ern coast of New Jersey, and Delaware Bay on the south and the Delaware River on the west, and other rivers intersecting it.
New Jersey and Pennsylvania—Newark Bay is navigable for six miles sad Passaic River in New Jersey for 16 miles. Hackensack River has been made navigable for 15 miles from its mouth. Staten Island Sound, 17 miles long. connects New York and Raritan bays.
Commerce on Raritan Bay. Arthur Kill and Passaic River in 1906 amounted to 25,584,273 ions.
The Raritan Bay, seven miles long, and Raritan River to New Brunswick, a distance of 12 miles. are .being improved. The Raritan River is navigable from Raritan Bay to New Brunswick, and from that point along the bed of the Raritan and Millstone rivers to Tren ton is a canal, thus joining the waters of lower Nrw York Bay with those of the Delaware. The total length of the Susquehanna River, includ ing tributaries, is over 400 miles, and it is only partially navigable.
In some portions of its course the Susque hanna has been canalized to overcome rocks and vegetable matter, which obstructed its naviga tion. It flows into the Chesapeake Bay, which
is 1.30 miles long and 50 miles wide. It has been improved to a depth of 15 feet with a width of MO feet from Chesapeake Bay to Havre de Grace. It is proposed to render it navigable to Harrisburg. A bill authorizing an appropriation for this work was passed in 1919.
Pennsylvania has suffered its extensive canal system to pass from its control.
The Schuylkill River is being improved for six and sane-half miles up from the Delaware River to a depth of 22 feet and 200 feet wide.
Delaware River is about 315 miles long and empties into Bay, which is 50 miles river long. The ver has been improved as far as Trenton. N. J. to a depth of 12 feet and to a width of 200 feet which is to be increased to 400 feet. Its channel from Delaware Bay to Philadelphia is 35 feet deep at low water and has a width of 800 feet, and in the city of Phila delphia it is 1,000 to 1,200 feet wide. The ton nage at Trenton in 1917 was 2,439,044 tons.
Philadelphia has extensive modern terminal facilities and its water-borne tonnage, coast wise and the year 1917 was 26,Ys:, 734 short tons. The total arrival of vessels for the year was 51.206 and the departures were 5R.838. This shows the enormous waterway ac tivities of that port. Other ocean ports were more or less active.
Middle Atlantic States.—Wilmington bor on the Delaware River, at the mouth of Christiana River, includes sections of those two rivers and is well provided with wharves and terminals. Its tonnage in 1917 was 414,987 tons. Several rivers, creeks and harbors in New Jersey Delaware and Maryland have been im proved. The Wilmington district includes 26 rivers, creeks and harbors that are being im proved, the largest being Wilmington Harbor, including the Christiana River, navigable for 15 miles, and a tidal canal between Rehoboth and Delaware hays.
The Appoquinemink, the Smyrna, the Leip de, Little Johns, Murderkill, Mispillion and Broadkill rivers, all in Delaware, are small streams that have been improved in their lower reaches. A waterway six feet deep and 50 feet wide extends from Rehoboth Bay and Delaware Bay whose tonnage in 1917 was 15,275 tons.