WAYNE, win, Anthony, American soldier: b. Easton, Pa., 1 Jan. 1745; d. Presque Isle (Erie), Pa., 15 Dec. 17%. At 18 he became a land-surveyor. He was an intimate friend of Franklin, and early took an active interest in public affairs. Having married and settled to farming (1767), he was elected to the Penn sylvania convention and legislature in 1774, served on the committee of safety, and in 1775 raised a regiment, with which he took part in the campaign against Canada. He fought with distinction and was wounded at the battle of Three Rivers 3 Jan. 1776, held Ticonderoga till May 1777 and after receiving the commis sion of brigadier-general joined Washington in New Jersey; led a division at Brandywine 11 September and commanded the right wing and led the attack at Germantown 4 October. He made a dashing raid on the British lines in the winter of 1777-78, carrying off a great quantity of supplies, and on the night of 15 July 1779 achieved the most brilliant of the American victories in the storming of Stony Point, for which he received a gold medal and the thanks of Congress. He became a popular hero, and his nickname of ((Mad Anthony' was as much a tribute to his energy and valor as it was a denotation of his recklessness in action. By a bayonet charge he rescued La fayette in Virginia in 1782; made a daring attack on the whole British army at Green Spring (6 July), and defeated the British and Indians in Georgia. On the surrender of Char
leston, S. C.. by the British it was occupied by Wayne, 14 Dec. 1782. He was made brevet major-general 10 Oct. 1783, retired from the army in 1784 and became a member of the Pennsylvania legislature. He was a member of the convention of that State which ratified the Federal Consti tution in '1787. Later he settled on a Georgia plantation presented to him by the State in return for his military services; and from Georgia, in 1791, he was sent to Congress, hut in a contest during the next year his seat was declared vacant. In April 1792, he was made commander-in-chief of the Ameri can army, with the rank of major-general. In 1793 he took the field against the Indians in Ohio, whom he finally defeated at Maumee Rapids or Fallen Timbers and he forced them to conclude the treaty of Greenville (1795), which gave a large tract of territory to the United States. His death occurred while he was engaged in completing this service. A monument was erected to him at Waynesboro, Pa., 1809. Consult the (Lives) by Armstrong (1834) and Moore (1845) ; Wayne 's 'Regimen tal Orderly Book' on the northern campaign, edited by J. Munsell (18.59); 'Wayne and the Pennsylvania Line' (1893); Roosevelt, 'Winning of the \Vest,' Vol. IV (1889-94) ; and Spears, (Anthony Wayne' (1903).