Steam and Gasoline Pleasure yachts adopted steam power in the early days, and after the motor-boat appeared the gasoline or gas-engine was naturally adapted to nautical purposes and has become highly developed for use on the water. The typical steam yacht n the light, swift, graceful craft, more often under than over 100 feet, and frequently with most luxurious appointment. Coast yachting and world-cruising became fashionable with million aires on both sides of the Atlantic, and %cry many of them have maintained floating palaces, on which they could come and go among the cast cities without dependence on public ves sels or trains, and free of all hotel annoyances, for they carried kitchens and cuisines of then own. Bathrooms, electric lights, push buttons and all sorts of comforts were pros idest and to he wealthy enough to own a half-milhon dol lar yacht was the ambition of many amine co climb into the exclusive wealthy circles. Gasolene was hrst adapted to yacht engines in 1813.5. It is singular to record that naphtha was then a by-product, often thrown away, as there was little use for it. The standard gas engine v.as studied by Carl F. Riotto and others, and developed so as to be suitable for use on yachts. It was essential to get much higher horse power than had been obtained at that time for marine work. Riotto's motor came to be known as the
Standard, and in 1903 he produced a six-cylin der of 110 horse power. This was so successful that it was followed with a 300 horse-power en gine next year. Craig, Seabury and other builders took up the construction of large gaso line engines, following the principles of the high-powered automobiles, and soon they were common. The Diesel engine also became avail able for yacht power early in the present cen tury. Yachts built for ocean trips are called cruisers, and if swift, express cruisers. The most expensive and luxurious are usually ex press cruisers, though some owners have pre ferred less speed in order to have large accom modation for parties. A fair idea of the pro portions of such boats can be gathered from the dimensions of the following: N. G. Herre shoff's lieliarithus is 65 feet over all, 61.6 on the waterline, with 17.1 feet beam and four feet draft She carries two Standard eight-cylinder engines. Murry Guggenheim's Leone is 106 feet over all, six inches less in water-line, 20.9 feet beam and four feet draft. Her gas gines are six-cs finder. N ‘VII.ATION ; SHIPBUILDING). Consult 'Coast Pilot,' pub li-hed by the United States Coast and Ceo detic Survey; Lloyd's Register, both British and American.