ZAMOJSKI, z3-morskf, ZAMOYSICI. or ZAMO8C, an ancient family of Poland, whose most distinguished members have been JAN ZANOJSKI, statesman and general: b. Skokow, pdatinate of Chelm, 1 April 1541; d. near Skokow, 3 July 1605. He was educated at Paris, Strasshurg and Padua, and in 1564 was elected rector of the university at Padua. In 1565 he returned to Poland, and upon the death of King Sigismund Augustus in 1572, succeeded in so organizing the equestrian order, that in H the diet of 1573, held at Warsaw, enry of Anjou (afterward Henry_ III of France) was chosen king of Poland. Upon the abandonment of Poland by Henry, a party of nobles elected Maximilian :1 of Austria, and he was pro claimed king by the primate; but the party hostile to the house of Austria, led by Za mojski, chose Stephen Batbory (q.v.), who marched to Cracow, and was there crowned. Zamojski was made grand chancellor of the kingdom and became a power in Polish affairs. He was afterward married to Gri selda, a niece of the king. In 1580, during the war with Russia, Bithori appointed him com mander of the principal army, with the title of !tertian; and in 1582 he negotiated the peace by which Livonia, Esthonia and Novgorod were ceded to Poland. After the death of Bithori in 1586, he might have secured the crown for himself; but he used his influence in favor of Sigismund III, son of the king of Sweden, defeated the army of the opposing claimant, the Archduke Maximilian, at Cracow, pursued him into Silesia, and took him and his forces pris oners. From 1590 to 1597 he was en in a constant series of wars; and while engaged at variance with Sigismund, with whom he was no favorite, he remained a dominant figure in the state. fighting successfully against the Turks, Tartars and Cossacks, and oftentimes supporting the army from his private fortune. Zamojski was not only a great statesman and general, hut a munificent patron of literature and the sciences. He founded New Zamose, which came to be regarded as one of the strongest fortresses of Poland, and established there a university and a famous printing press.
He wrote 'Testamentuin joannis Zantori) (1606), and many letters of his are to be found in 'Literati Procerum E.uropse.' ,11 an Zamotsgt, general, grandson of the preceding: d. Warsaw, 2 April 1665. He partict patted in the campaign of 1651 against the Cossacks, was made }palatine of Sandomir, and was in the wars that followed. In 1659 he was at the head of the army which acted in the Ukraine against the tsar of Rus sia. As:tiszit Zamojsgt. statesman: h. Bic /1111. 17!6; d. Zamosc, 10 Feb. 1772. He en tered the military service of Saxony, returned to Poland in 1754 and was made marshal of the palatinate of Smolensk. In 1760 he emanci pated his serfs, and on the accession of Stanis las, Augustus was appointed grand chancellor in 1764, an oflice he resigned rather than sign the partition treaty In 1776, at the request of the diet, he drew up a code of laws, which was printed under the title of (7bi6r praw sado nth' (1778) The liberal character of the code, especially its provision for a general measure of emancipation, aroused against it so great a hostility, that in the diet of 1780 it was not permitted to be read, but it was adopted in 1791. ANDRZEJ ZAMOJSKI, statesman, grand son of the preceding: b. 2 April 1800; el. Cra cow, 29 Oct. 1874. He studied at Geneva and Edinburgh, entered the Polish civil service in 1823 and was Minister of the Interior of the revolutionary government in 1831. He later introduced steam navigation on the Vistula, but as the head of an important agricultural association incurred the suspicion of the Rus sian government. The association was sup pressed in 1862. At the request of the viceroy, Grand Duke Constantine, Zamojski drew up a statement of the claims of Poland, a document which displeased the Russian government and caused Zamojsid's banishment.