BARBAULD, Anna Letitia, En glish writer, daughter of the Rev. John Aikin: b. Kibworth, Leicestershire, 20 June 1743; d. 9 March 1825. Her earliest production was a small volume of miscellaneous poems, printed in 1773. This was succeeded in the same year by a collection of pieces in prose, published in conjunction with her brother. In 1774 she married the Rev. Rochemont Barbauld. Her 'Early Lessons and Hymns for Children,' and various essays and poems, have secured for her a permanent reputation. In 1812 appeared the fast of her separate publications, entitled 'Eighteen Hundred and Eleven,' a poem of considerable merit; previous to which she had edited a collection of English novels, with critical and biographical notices. A similar selection followed from the best British essay ists of the reig-n of Anne, and another from Richardson's manuscript correspondence, with a memoir and critical essay on his life and writings. She will be longest remembered by her beautiful and much-quoted lyric begin ning: °Life, we have been long together.° Consult Ai!tin,
BARBAZAN, Amauld hem, Sire de, French captain, distinguished by Charles VI with the title of °Chevalier Sans Reproche,° and by Charles VIII with that of °Restaurateur du Royaume et de la Couronne de France': b. about the end of the 14th cen tury; killed at Bullegneville 1432. He earned the former of his titles, while yet young, by his successful defense of the national honor in a combat fought in 1404 between six French and six English knights, before the Castle of Montendre; and the latter designation he ac quired by his extraordinary exertions on the side of the Dauphin, at a time when the cause of native royalty, powerless in presence of the Anglo-Burgundian league, boasted few adher ents.
bar-ba-mar-bwa, Francois, Marquis de, French statesman: b. Metz, 3 Jan. 1745; d. 14 Jan. 1837. After fulfilling diplomatic offices at several German courts he was sent to the United States as consul-general of France. He organized all the French consulates in this country, in which he resided 10 years, and married the daughter of William Moore, governor of Pennsylvania.
In 1785 he was appointed by Louis XVI super intendent of Saint Domingo, and introduced many reforms into the administration of jus tice and of finance in that island. He returned to France in 1790 and was again employed in German diplomacy. During the excitement of the Revolution he was exiled to Guiana as a friend of royalty, but being recalled in 1801 he was made director of the treasury, a title which he soon exchanged for that of minister. In 1803 he was appointed to cede Louisiana to the United States for $10,000,000, but had the skill to obtain the price of $16,000,000, a piece of diplomacy for which he was liberally re warded by Napoleon. In 1813 he entered the Senate, and the next year voted for the for feiture of the Etnperor and the re-establish ment of the Bourbon dynasty. He was well received by Louis XVIII, appointed a peer of France and honorary counsellor of the univer sity, and confirmed in the office of the first president of the court of accounts, which he had formerly held. He was an object of the indignation of Napoleon after his return to France from Elba, and was ordered to leave Paris. He resumed his offices after the return of the Bourbotts, but, moderate in his prin ciples, and an enemy of all reaction, he was not in harmony with the majority of those with whom he associated; and in the Chamber of Peers he succeeded with difficulty in effecting the substitution of banishment for death as a penalty for political offenders. After the revolution of July he eacercised the sarne adulation and took the same oaths of fidelity to Louis Philippe which he had formerly given to Napoleon and the Bourbon princes. The de sire to die first president, which had been the motive of all his flexibility, proved at last a vain one, and in 1834, he was succeeded in his office, and as a consolation received the por trait of the King, accompanied by an autograph letter. His numerous works contain curious details concerning Saint Domingo, Louisiana and Guiana, which he studied in his exile, and he wrote also upon the treason of Arnold.