BONAPARTE, brother of Napoleon: b. Ajaccio, Corsica, 15 Nov. 1784; d. near Paris, 24 June 1860. At an early age he entered the French navy as a midship man. In 1801 he was sent out on an expedi tion to the West Indies, but the vessel being chased by English cruisers, was obliged to put in to New York. During his sojourn in Amer ica, Jerome Bonaparte became acquainted with Miss Elizabeth Patterson, the daughter of the president of the Bank of Baltimore and a de scendant, as is asserted, of *Old Mortality,* immortalized by Sir Walter Scott. His ad dresses to this lady having been ac cepted, they were married 24 Dec. 1803, accord ing to the Roman Catholic ritual, in the cathe dral of Baltimore, and in 1805 embarked for Europe. This marriage did not meet with the approval of the Emperor Napoleon, whose am bitious views it thwarted, and he accordingly, after an ineffectual application to Pope Pius VII to have it dissolved, issued a decree de clarin it to be null and void. On 12 Aug.
Jerome erome married Catherine Sophia, Prin cess of Wiirtemberg, and a few months after ward was created King of Westphalia and crowned with great pomp at Cassel, 1 Jan. 1808. His government was not marked by either judgment or prudence; little regard was paid to national feelings; and the finances of the state, both from mismanagement and the fre quency of hostile incursions, became hopelessly embarrassed. The battle of Leipzig put an end to Jerome's reign and he was obliged to take flight to Paris. On the conclusion of the Treaty of Paris he left France and proceeded first to Switzerland, thence to Gratz and in the beginning of 1815 to Trieste. On his brothers return from Elba he again proceeded to Paris and was nominated a peer of France. At the battles of Ligny and Waterloo he was actively engaged, displayed considerable brav ery and received a wound in the arm. On Napoleon's overthrow he retired first to Switz erland, then to Wiirtemberg and from this period up to the fall of Louis Philippe, in 1848, resided in different parts of Europe under the title of the Comte de Montfort; latterly chiefly in Florence. On the outbreak of the
revolution of February 1848 he returned to Paris and was appointed (23 December) gov ernor-general of the hospital of the Invalids. and in 1850 a marshal of France. In 1852 he was made president of the Senate. Reference has already been made to the two marriagts contracted by Jerome Bonaparte. From his union with Miss Patterson only one son pro-• ceeded, Jerome (see BONAPARTES or BALTI um). By his second wife Jerome Bonaparte had three children. The elder son, JErtomx BoNApArre, b. 1814; d. 1847; MATHILDE Box APARTE, Princess of Montfort (b. Trieste, 27 May 1820; d. Paris, 2 Jan. 1904), married the Russian Count Anatol Demidoff, and lived at the court of Louis Napoleon during his presi dency; the younger son, NAPOLEON JOSEPH CHARLES PAUL BONAPARTE, commonly known as PRINCE NAPOLEON (b. Trieste, 9 Sept. 1822; d. 17 March 1891), passed his youth in Italy; entered the military service of Wfirtemberg in 1837; afterward traveled in several countries of Europe; and was banished from France (1845) on account of his intercourse with the Republican party. After February 1848 he was elected to the National Assembly. He com manded an infantry division at the battles of Alma and Inkermann. In 1859 he married the Princess Clotilde, daughter of Victor Em manuel, by whom he had two sons (see BONA PARTE PRETENDERS) and a daughter. After the fall of the empire he took up his residence in England, but returned to France in 1872. On the death of the Prince Imperial, son of the Emperor Louis Napoleon, in Zululand in 1879, the eldest son of Prince Napoleon became the heir of the Bonapartist hopes. When, in 1886, the chiefs of the Bourbon family were, by a vote of both chambers, expelled from France, Prince Napoleon and his eldest son were ex iled also as pretenders to the throne.