BONNET MONKEY. See MACAQUE..
a Scotch coin, so called from the king's head on it being decorated with a bonnet instead of a crown. It was struck by James V, and is dated 1539. Bonnet-pieces are very rare and in high estimation among anti quaries.
ba-na-roozh, an em blem of liberty during the French Revolution, and worn as a head-dress by all who wished to show themselves sufficiently advanced in demo cratical principles. It is said by some to have been adopted in imitation of the Phrygian cap of the same color which was worn by those who had obtained emancipation from slavery, while others maintain that it had a much more lowly origin, and was borrowed either from the Mar seillais bands that flocked to Paris, or from a few Swiss soldiers who, having been sentenced to the galleys for insubordination, obtained their liberty on the acceptance of the Consti tution in 1790. Having returned in a kind of triumphal procession, wearing the red cap, which had formed part of their galley dress, the fancy of the people was struck, and the bonnet-rouge was considered indispensable to every true patriot. Even the unfortunate Louis
XVI wore it when paraded through the streets, after narrowly escaping with his life from the mob which had burst into his palace. After it had ceased to be generally worn, it became the distinctive badge of the men of the Mountain. During the storms of more recent periods at tempts have repeatedly been made to bring it again into fashion. These have not been suc cessful, but the revolutionary cap rejected by France has met with a more favorable reception abroad, particularly among the newly-formed republics of America, where it is often stamped upon coins, or used as an emblem upon seals. Under the restoration of the Bourbons the sou briquet of bonnets-rouges was applied to indi viduals who either had figured in the Revolu tion or were supposed to hold revolutionary principles.