BORODIN, bore den, Alexander Por firyevich, Russian composer: b. Saint Peters burg, 12 Nov. 1834; d. there, 27 Feb. 1887. He studied medicine and chemistry and was made professor of chemistry at the Medico Surgical Academy of Saint Petersburg and in that capacity took a prominent part in pro moting the higher education of women and gave them gratuitous instruction in medicine. He was at the same time an excellent musician, one of the chief representatives of the new Russian school. His chief works are two sym phonies and
ho-ro-de'no, Russia, village 70 miles west of Moscow, on the Kaluga, an affluent of the Moskwa. It gave name to the
great battle fought between the French army under Napoleon and the Russians under Kut usoff, 7 Sept. 1812. The battle of Borodino was one of the most obstinately disputed in history and the loss on both sides was almost equally great. Out of 257,000 men engaged, between 70,000 and 80,00 were killed and wounded. The Russians retreated on the fol lowing day, but in the most perfect order, and therefore claim this battle as a victory and in 1839 erected a splendid mausoleum on the battlefield. The French, who name the battle from the Moskwa, have always maintained a similar claim, which it is difficult to deny them as they took possession of the battlefield and subsequently advanced on Moscow. Marshal Ney received the title of Prince of Moskwa. For a good description of the battle consult Tolstoi's and Peace' (Eng. trans. by Leo Wiener).