The terms, intermediate schools, high school, collegiate department, col legiate institute and technical high school are used in Manitoba to denote secondary schools. Intermediate schools are secondary departments of graded schools, the principal devoting his whole time to secondary school work. High schools have two, collegiate departments three and collegiate institutes four or more teachers engaged exclusively in secondary school work. There were (1917) 72 intermediate schools, 23 high schools, 4 collegiate departments, 7 col legiate institutes and 2 technical high schools. The whole number of teachers in high and collegiate schools was 173, which with the 72 teachers in the intermediate schools gives a total of 245. In the intermediate schools there were, in 1916-17, 6,294 students of high school grade, of whom 4,096 were enrolled in high and collegiate schools and 2,198 in intermediate schools and the upper grades of rural ele mentary schools.
The secondary school program covers three years and includes several courses. The inter mediate schools invariably give the course for teachers' certificates and occasionally that for university matriculation. In the high schools the student can pursue the teachers' course, the university matriculation course or a °combined° course, which admits to the university and to the normal school. In some of the larger collegiate schools a commercial course of two years is given in addition to the preceding. In certain rural centres a course is given in agriculture.
Special grants are paid by the Department of Education as follows: Intermediate schools, $200; high schools, $300 fixed grant, $8 per annum per capita grant and $50 for apparatus and library; collegiate departments, $450 along with per capita, laboratory grants; collegiate institutes, special grants to the amount of $1,600 in all in addition to capitation grant of $5 per pupil.
Principals of intermediate and high schools must hold first class certificates; principals of collegiate schools must in addition be university graduates; professional certificates are required in all cases.
The Winnipeg technical high schools, which cost over half a million each, were opened in 1912. So far as their day school work is concerned these are really manual training high schools, but as evening schools they are continuation schools for adult pupils along in dustrial and technical lines. Household science, art and physical culture are taught in both the day and the evening classes. In the day school there is a special course for girls, known as the practical arts course, which contains a maxi mum of work in household science and house hold arts and which leads to the normal schools. The percentages in the different courses in 1917 were as follows: Teachers' course, 20 per cent ; university course, 19 per cent; com bined course, 37 per cent; commercial course, 10 per cent ; boys' technical, 4 per cent, and girls' practical arts, 8 per cent. The special work in household science and manual training is provided for students in •the Collegiate In stitute at Brandon and at Stonewall. The manual work of the technical schools of Winni peg is recognized in the requirements for matriculation to the engineering course of the university, and it is probable that some allow ance will be made for it in the other matricula tion courses also.
Prince Edward Island.— There are no high schools proper in Prince Edward Island, but provision for the work has been made in about 29 schools with high school departments, in 32 graded schools and in some of the best con ducted primary schools. In these grades about 500 pupils are prepared for entrance into Prince of Wales College and Normal School in Char lottetown (the capital) in a course which cor responds to that of the first two years of a high school. Properly speaking the college is the only secondary public school. All the other schools aim to matriculate pupils into it. All the schools are supported by legislative aid and district assessment, of which the former con stitutes about three-fourths of the expenditure. No special grant is made for high school pur posm. Whatever is paid extra comes by volun tary vote of the ratepayers of the district. Manual training, household science, physical culture and agriculture are taught in the Prince of Wales College and the Normal School. The teachers so trained, in turn instruct all the pupils in the public schools in physical culture and agriculture or nature study. Physical cul ture is greatly stimulated by prizes from the Strathcona Trust Fund and agriculture is as sisted by the Department of Agriculture. With the exception of the Charlottetown and Sum merside schools no instruction is given in manual training and household science.
New Brunswick.— Secondary education in New Brunswick is provided for in grammar and superior schools. The number of the former is 14, with 41 teachers and an enrolment of 1,281. Teachers holding license of the gram mar school class receive from the government from $30 to $400 a year, according to the length of service of the teacher, and under conditions provided by the Board of Education, but not more than four teachers in any one grammar school can receive this legislative grant. These schools are free to all pupils in the county in grades 8-12. University matriculation exam inations are based on the requirements of the high school course, as completed in grade 11. Superior schools may be established in every county -- one for every 6,000 inhabitants, and a majority fraction thereof. The principal of a superior school must hold a .first class su perior license, and receives from the govern ment a grant of $250 to $300 a year, according to the time of service of the teacher, provided the trustees pay the teacher a salary from the district at least equal to the government grant. Superior schools in grade 7 and upward are free to all pupils living within the parishes in which the schools are situated. Most of the superior schools provide courses in high school work of the same character as the grammar schools. Little progress has been made in secondary vocational education. There are five consolidated schools in the high school depart ments of which agriculture, manual training and household science are taken up. In most of the cities and towns these subjects are taught in grade 9; that is, the first year of the high school, and at the normal school. As yet, however, there is no provision for purely voca tional training.