CARPZOV, karp'ts6f, the name of a Ger man family which has furnished several eminent jurists and theologians. The founder of the family was Simon Carpzov, burgomaster of Brandenburg, in the middle of the 16th cen tury. He had two sons: Joachim, who at his death at Gliickstadt in Holstein, in 1628, was commander-in-chief of the Danish army; and Benedict, b. 22 Oct. 1565; d. 26 Nov. 1624. He was appointed professor of law at Wittenberg in 1595, became chancellor of the Dowager Electress Sophia at Kolditz, but afterward re turned to Wittenberg. A second Benedict, son of the former, b. Wittenberg 1595; d. 1666; be came assessor of the Supreme Court and pro fessor of law at Leipzig in 1645, then councillor of the Court of Appeal and member of the privy council at Dresden. He was one of the most eminent jurists of his day, and is the author of several valuable legal works; but is justly censured for the seventy and cruelty of his proceedings. He is said to have signed the death-warrants of not fewer than 20,000 per sons. JOHANN BENEDICT CARPROV, his brother
(b. Rochlitz 1607; d. 1657); became professor of theology at Leipzig, and is famed as the author of the (Systema Theologicum) (1653). He left five sons, one of whom, JOHANN BENE incr (b. 1639; d. 1669), became professor of theology and pastor of Saint Thomas' Church at Leipzig, distinguished himself by his knowl edge of Hebrew language and literature and translated several rabbinical works. Another member of the family, JOHANN Gorrws CARP zov, born at Dresden in 1679, became professor of Oriental languages at Leipzig, and died as superintendent at Lubeck in 1767. He was one of the most eminent theologians of his time, and wrote, among other treatises, (Critica Sacra Veteris Testamenti) (1728) ; 'Introductio in Libros Canonicos Veteris Testamenti.' On the family of Carpzov, see Dreyhaupt, bung des (Beilagen zu Theil 2 S. 26).