CASE SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCI ENCE, The, at Cleveland, Ohio, founded by Leonard Case (q.v.) of that city. In 1877 a deed of trust was executed setting apart cer tain real estate for the support of the institu tion, the deed to take effect upon his death, which occurred in 1880. The Case School was incorporated 29 March 1880. Instruction be gan in 1881, with a class of 16 students, the school being carried on from that time until the summer of 1885 in the old Case homestead. A commodious building having been erected for the use of the school, it was occupied at the beginning of the term in September 1885. A year later the building with all that it con tained was destroyed by fire. It was promptly rebuilt and occupied in 1888. Since that time several additional buildings have been erected, with superior apparatus and appliances. The Case School of Applied Science offers six reg ular courses of instruction, each requiring four years. They are civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, mining engineering, physics and chemistry. There are 53 professors and instructors and 557 students. The degree of bachelor of science is granted to all who complete one of the regular courses. That of master of science may be conferred upon graduates who have devoted at least one year exclusively to graduate study. Profes sional degrees, namely, civil engineer, me chanical engineer, electrical engineer and en gineer of mines may also be conferred after one year of graduate study or after profes sional work in positions of responsibility, for three years after graduation. The property
left by Mr. Case as an endowment for the sup port of the school is valued at about $2,500,000, and the amount invested in buildings and equip ment is about $1,000,000. The school derives its support in part also from tuition fees. Its government rests with a corporation consisting of 20 men, from whom six, known as trustees, are selected.
a projectile formed by put ting a quantity of bullets into a cylindrical tin box called a °canister,* that just fits the bore of the gun. In case of necessity, the canister is filled with broken pieces of iron, nails, stones, etc. The case is closed at both ends by a disc of wood or iron. Shot of this sort is thrown from cannons and howitzers, and is very in jurious i to the enemy, because the balls con tained n the canister spread, diverging in pro portion to the distance. The balls vary in weight, according to the character of the ordnance, from one or two pounds to half an ounce each. The range within which case-shot are used sometimes extends to 500, but seldom exceeds 200 to 300, yards. It is also called °canister-shot." The shrapnel-shell, in its pres ent cylindrical shape, may be considered a variety of case-shot. See ORDNANCE.