The Newberry Library has an endowment of $2,500,000 and occupies a building valued at The library, used wholly for consul tation, has 356,033 books and pamphlets.
The John Crerar Library has an endowment of $3,400,000. The books, which are confined to branches of science, number 348,500, besides 115,000 pamphlets, all used for consultation only.
The library of the Chicago Law Institute, which has quarters in the county courthouse, numbers 55,000 volumes.
The Chicago Historical Society has a collec tion of 40,000 books and 75,000 pamphlets, be sides other material relating to the history of the Central West.
Higher education is represented by the Uni versity of Chicago, by the professional schools of Northwestern University, by the Medical School of the University of Illinois, by the Loyola University, by the Armour Institute and the Lewis Institute and by various independent schools of law and medicine.
The University of Chicago (q.v.) opened its doors for instruction in 1892. The buildings are situated on the South Side, fronting on the Midway Plaisance, one of the south parkways. Its assets amount to about $50,000,000. The en rolment of students in 1915-16 numbered 8,510. The university consists of graduate schools and colleges of arts, literature and science, a divin ity school, a law school, a medical school, a professional school for teachers, and of vari ous other activities, including a press depart ment, which publishes both books and period icals.
Northwestern University maintains in the city its schools of medicine, law, pharmacy, den tistry and commerce. The College of Liberal Arts and Graduate School, the College of En gineering and the School of Music are in Evanston. The total assets of the university, including grounds and buildings, amount to $10,500,000. The total number of students in all departments (1915-16) was 5,293, and the members of the faculties numbered 452.
Loyola University was organized in 1909. It had in 1915-16 127 instructors and 1,542 students. The Bennett Medical College is affili ated with this institution.
The Lewis Institute is a polytechnic school on the West Side. It was opened for instruc tion in 1895, the endowment at that time amounting to $1,600,000. The enrolment for
1915-16 included 3,280 students.
The Armour Institute, on the South Side, is also a polytechnic school. The endowment amounts to $4,500,000, and the enrolment of students, 1915-16, was 1,424.
The Field Columbian Museum (q.v.) is an outcome of the Exposition of 1893. The mu seum was incorporated in that year, and was at the outset encircled by many of the most val uable exhibits which had been made at the Ex position. The original endowment of $1,250,000 was the gift in large part of one citizen. Large acquisitions have been made, especially in the fields of American ethnology. The collections are at present housed in one of the remaining Exposition buildings, in Jackson Park. By the will of the founder, the late Marshall Field, $8,000,000 was left to the museum for a suit able building, which is now under construction as part of the project for the beautification of the Lake Front.
Churches.— Religious organizations number some 1,150 churches and missions.
Business.— Manufactures and commerce form the basis of Chicago's prosperity. With the development of the West and the extension of railroads the industries of the city have grown to enormous magnitude. The manu factures of iron and steel, the agricultural imple ment works and the beef and pork packing are among the largest. The recepits of live cattle at the Union Stock Yards for the year 1915 were 3,262,752, of sheep 3,510,015, and of hogs 7,652,071. The total value of all live stock received at the Union Stock Yards in the year 1915 was $370,938,156. The Chicago elevator warehouses have a capacity of 50,426,000 bushels of grain.
The census of 1910 records (for 1909) 9,656 manufacturing establishments for Chicago, with a capital of $971,841,000, an average number of 293,977 wage earners, salaries and wages amounting to $240,037,000, and a product valued at $1,281,313,000. The value of manufactured products in 1904, amounted to $955,036,000— an increase of $326,277,000, or 34 per cent in this five year period. This product actually turned out has no necessary relation to the amount of sales for that year.