Coin
Coin, A Piece Of Metal, Circulating As Money With An Official Certified Impression As To Weight, Fineness And Value. United States Coin As Described Further On Is Nine-tenths Fine; That Of Great Britain 'eleven-twelfths Fine. The Place Where Coin Is Manufactured Is Called A Mint And It Is Always A ...
Coitus
Coitus, The Act To Permit Fertilization Of The` Femaie. In The Higher Animals This Takes Place By The Intertion Of The Male Organ —.the Penis— Within The Female Organ — The Vagina. In Many Lower Animals Male Secretions— Sper Matozoa— Simply Mingle With Or Mechanically Come In Contact With The ...
Coke
Coke, Thomas, First Bishop Of The Meth Odist Episcopal Church In The United States: B. Brecon, South Wales, 9 Sept. 1747; D. At Sea, 2 May 1814. He Was Educated At Oxford And Entering The Ministry Of The Established Church Obtained A Curacy At South Petherton. Sympathizing Strongly With The ...
Col6n
Col6n, Sometimes Called Aspinwall, Panama, City Of 20,000 Inhabitants On The North Ern Side Of The Isthmus Of Panama, Connected With The City Of Panama By A Railway 49 Miles In Leng-th. During The Civil War In M5 It Was Partly Burned, But Has Been Rebuilt. It Stands Geographically Within ...
Colbert
Colbert, Korbar, Jean Baptiste, French Statesman And Financier: B. Rheims, 29 Aug. 1619; D. Paris, 6 Sept. 1683. He Entered In 1648 The Service Of Cardinal Mazarin, Who Availed Himself Of His Assistance In The Financial Administration Of The Kingdom. Mazarin Re Warded Him In 1654 With The Office Of ...
Colchicum
Colchicum, Korchi-kinn, A Genus Of Herbs Of The Family. Liliaceie. About 30 Species, Natives Of The Mediterranean Region, Have Been Described. They Are Nearly All Autumn-bloom Ing Perennial Plants Which Produce Their Leaves In Spring From Corrns. The Perianth, Which Re Sembles But Is Much Larger Than That Of The ...
Cold 1
Cold. 1. In Physics And Physiology, A Relative Want Of Heat. Since There Are No Deter Minate Boundaries Between Cold And Heat, It Is A Mere Arbitrary Distinction To Call The Degrees Of The Thermometer Below The Freezing-point De Grees Of Cold. When The Atmosphere, Or Any Substance Which Comes ...
Cold Harbor
Cold Harbor, Battle Of. One Of The Most Desperate Battles Of The Civil War, Fought 1 And 3 June 1864, At Cold Harbor, Va. By A Series Of Bloody Assaults And Flank Movements, Beginning At The Wilderness 5 May 1864, Gen Eral Grant Had, At The End Of The Month, ...
Cold Storage
Cold Storage, A Method Now Generally Employed For Preserving Perishable Articles Of Food By The Use Of Machines Which Reduce The Temperature Of The Air. The Same .method Is Used Extensively For Preserving Articles Other Than Food Which Are Destructible By High Tem Perature. Refrigeration Is Often Called Ice Making, ...
Cole
Cole, Thomas, American Landscape Painter: B. Bolton-le-moor, England, 1 Feb. 1801; D. Catskill, N. Y., 11 Feb. 1e48. In 1819 His Father And Family Emigrated To America. Here Cole Began Work As A Wood Engraver In Philadelphia, While His Family Went On To The West. In 1820 He Followed Them ...
Colenso
Colenso, John William, English Clergy Man, Bishop Of Natal: B. Saint Austell, Corn Wall 24 Jan. 1814; D. Bishopstowe, Natal, June Une 1883. He Was Educated At Saint John's College, Cambridge; Was Assistant-mas Ter At Harrow 1838-42; Resided At Saint John's College 1842-46, When He Was Preferred To The Rectory ...
Coleridge
Coleridge, Hartley, English Poet: B. Clevedon, Near Bristol, 19 Sept. 1796; D. Rydal, Westmoreland, 6 Jan. 1849. He Was The Eldest Son Of S. T. Coleridge (q.v.), And Upon The Elder Coleridge Taking Up His Residence In The Lake District, Hartley And His Brother Derwent Were Placed As Day Scholars ...
Coleridge
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, English Poet And Critic: B. Ottery Saint Mary, Near Exeter, In Devonshire, England, 21 Oct. 1772; D. Highgate, London, 25 July 1834.. It Is Cus Tomary To Divide Coleridge's Life Into Three Periods, According To The Prevailing Interest Of Each; Most Of His Poetry Was Written Before ...
Colet
Colet, Kol'et, John, English Divine, Founder Of Saint Paul's School, London: B. Lon Don 1466; D. There, 16 Sept. 1519. His Father, Sir Henry Colet, Was Twice Lord Mayor Of London. About 1493 He Set Out To Make A Continental Tour, And Became Acquainted With Several Of The Most Eminent ...
Colic
Colic, In Pathology, A Painful Affection Of The Intestines, Especially Of The Large Bowel Or Colon, Whence The Name. The Pain Is Due To Spasmodic And Irregular Contractions Of The Colon, And Is Felt Chiefly In The Region Of The Navel. It Is Of A Severe Twisting Character, And Comes ...
Colin
Colin, Jean Lambert Alphonse, French General And Military Historian; B. 1864; D. 1 Jan. 1918. Educated For The Army, He Entered The Artillery And Had Attained The Rank Of Cap Tain When, In 1898, He Published 'etudes Sur La Campagne De 1796-97 En Italic.' This Anony Mous Essay On Napoleon's ...
Collars And Cuffs
Collars And Cuffs, Manufacture Of. The Collar Trade, A Distinct And Important Branch Of The °gent's Furnishing" Industry, Originated At Troy, N. Y., About 1825, When The Wife Of A Blacksmith Conceive.d The Idea Of Making The First Detachable Collar. Prior To That Time Shirts Had Always Been Made With ...
College
College (latin, Collegium), In Its Pri Mary Sense, A Body Of Colleagues, A Corporation Or Society Of Persons Invested With Certain Powers And Rights, Performing Certain Duties Or Engaged In Some Common Employment. In Great Britain And America Some Societies Of Physicians Are Called Colleges. So, Also, There Are Colleges ...
College Dramatics
College Dramatics. The Tion Of The Arts Of The Theatre With The Arts And Aims Of Pedagogy—an Alliance Which Has The Profoundest Roots—may Be Summed Up In A Few Words. Most Religious And Worshipful In Its Origin, The Primitive Theatre Becomes, In Some Sort, A Moving Picture Aid To The ...
College Dramatics Childrens Theatres
College Dramatics; Children's Theatres; Festival ; Massues ; Outdoor Theatres ; Pag Eant ; Rural Theatres. Anon.,
College Entrance Require Ments
College Entrance Require.. Ments. A Term, Among The Institutions Of Higher Learning Covering The Moral, Physical And Intellectual Qualifications Deemed Prereq Uisite For The Enrolment Of A Student In A Particular Course Or Department. The Moral Requirement Is Generally Not More Than A State Ment Of Good Character From Some ...
College Of The City
College Of The City Of New York, The, Originally Entitled The Free Academy, Was Established In 1848 By The Board Of Education Of New York City. In 1854 The Legislature Of The State Passed A Law Endowing The Institution With Collegiate Powers And Privileges; And In 1866 The Name Was ...
Colleges
Colleges, Land Grant, Colleges Estab Lished And Maintained In Whole Or In Part By The Land Grant Act Of 2 July 1862. Justin S. Morrill, A Representative From Vermont, Intro Duced In Congress The First Bill Asking That Grants Of Government Land Be Donated For The Purpose Of Aiding In ...
Colleges For Women
Colleges For Women. Three Types Of The Collegiate Education For Women In The United States Prevail. The First In Time And In Popularity Is Known As Coeducation; The Second, As Separate Education; And The Third, As Co-ordination In Education. Under The First Form, Men And Women Are Educated Together Under ...
Collie
Collie, The Domestic Sheep-tending Dog Developed In Scotland, And For A Long Time Bred There Exclusively, But Now Known In All Parts Of The World. It Is One Of The Most Beau Tiful, And Perhaps The Most Intelligent, Of All Dogs, And Many Anecdotes Are Told Illustrative Of Its Sagacity. ...
Collier
Collier, Arthur, English Philosopher: B. Langford Magna, Wiltshire, 12 Oct. 1680; D. There 1732. He Was Educated At Pembroke And Balliol Colleges, Oxford, And In 1704 Became Rector Of Langford, A Living Which Had Belonged Successively To His Great-grandfather, Grand Father And Father, And Which He Retained Till His Death. ...
Collier_2
Collier, Jeremy, English Bishop: B. Stow Quy, Cambridgeshire, 23 Sept. 1650; D. London, 26 April 1726. He Was Educated At Caius College, Cambridge, Entered The Anglican Church In 1677 And Was Rector Of Ampton, Suffolk In 1679. The Revolution Of 16138 Found In Him A Most Zealous Opponent; And He ...
Collier_3
Collier, John Payne, Shakespearean Critic: B. London, 11 Jan. 1789; D. Maidenhead, 17 Sept. 1883. He Wrote Many Critical Articles In Periodicals, Published In 1820 His 'poetical Decameron,' And Thenceforward Continued His Editions Of Poems And Plays, Notably Those Of The Less-known Elizabethan Writers. His Best Work, 'history Of English ...
Collimation
Collimation, Line Of. In A Measur Ing Telescope There Is Placed At The Focus Of The Eyepiece A System Of Spider-threads. In A Tran Sit Instrument There Are Several Vertical And Two Horizontal °wires," As Shown In The Diagram. In Spite Of Numerous Experiments In A Search For Something More ...
Collins
Collins, Mortimer, English Man Of Let Ters: B. Plymouth, England, 29 June 1827; D. Knowl Hill, 28 July 1876. His Father, Who Was A Solicitor, Published A Volume Of Verse And Seems To Have Been A Good Mathematician. His Mother Was Connected With The Mortimers Of Dorset. While At School, ...
Collins_2
Collins, William, English Poet: B. Chi Chester, England, 25 Dec. 1721; D. There, 12 June 1759. He Was Educated At Winchester School And At Oxford Where He Was Noted For °genius And Indolence? And Where He Was Graduated In 1743. While At College He Wrote His (persian Eclogues,) Printed In ...
Collins_3
Collins, William Wilkie, English Novel Ist: B. London, 8 Jan. 1824; D. There, 23 Sept. 1889. The Eldest Son Of William Collins (q.v.), The Landscape And Portrait Painter, He Also Bore The Name Of David Wilkie, The Distinguished Academician. Among His Friends And In Letters He Was Always Known As ...
Collision
Collision, In Navigation, The Shock Of Two Ships Coming Into Violent Contact, Whereby One Or Both May Suffer More Or Less Injury. Of 104 Major Shipping Disasters Over The Past Half Century, 24 Occurred Through Collision, With A Total Loss Of 6,615 Lives, Or 23 Per Cent Of Shipping Disasters ...
Collodion
Collodion (gr. X021144c, °like Glue), A Solution, In Mixed Alcohol And Ether, Of Soluble Pyroxylene (or Ugun-cotton”. It Is Colorless And Highly Inflammable. The Gun-cot Ton That Is Used In Its Manufacture Is Commonly Prepared By The Action Of A Mixture Of Nitnc And Sulphuric Acids Upon Cotton-wool That Has ...
Colloid Chemistry
Colloid Chemistry Had Its Begin Ning In The Discovery By Thomas Graham In 1860-61 That Aqueous Solutions Of Various Sub Stances Did Not Act In The Same Way When Sub Jected To Diffusion Through Parchment Mem Branes Such As Used In Osmosis Experiments. He Noted That In The Case Of ...
Colloids
Colloids (gr. Icoa6(571c , °glue-like"), Substances, Such As Albumen And Silicic Acid, Which, When Combined With Water In Certain Proportions, Exhibit A Gelatinous Consistency. The Word Does Not Imply That There Is Any Chemical Resemblance Among The Bodies To Which It Is Applied, The Distinction Between Colloids And Non-colloids Being ...
Colloquies Of Erasmus
Colloquies Of Erasmus, The. The (colloquies Of Erasmus) (erasmi Col Loquia) Has Probably Been The Focus For More Bitter Criticism Than Any Book Of Its Size Ever Published, And It Is By Far The Best Known Work Of Its Famous Scholar-author, The Only One Generally Read Down To Our Time. ...
Cologne
Cologne, Lco-lon' (german, Koin), Ger Inany, A Strongly Fortified City Of Prussia, In The Rhine Province, On The Left Bank Of The Rhine. It Stands Upon The River In The Form Of A Crescent, And Is Connected With Deutz, On The Opposite Side And Forming Part Of It, By A ...
Colombia
Colombia. Physical Features, Flora And The Republic Of Colombia Is Bounded On The North And Northwest By The Caribbean Sea And The Republic Of Panama; On The East By Venezuela And Brazil; On The South By Brazil, Peru And Ecuador; On The West By The Pacific Ocean. Its Area Cannot ...
Colombo
Colombo, Ceylon, The Capital, Seaport On The Southwest Coast, Near The Mouth Of The Kelani River, And About 70 Miles Southwest Of Kandy, The Principal Place On The Island. It Is A Handsome Town, And A Portion Of It, Com Prising Most Of The Best Houses, Is Within The Walls ...
Colon
Colon, That Part Of The Large Intestine Which Extends From The Cmcum To The Rec Tum, The Greater Part Of The Large Intestine. It Consists Of Three Divisions, The Ascending Colon On The Right Side Of The Abdomen, The Transverse Colon, Which Passes Horizontally From Right To Left Just Beneath ...
Colonial Dames Of America
Colonial Dames Of America, The National Society Of. An Ancestral And Patriotic Organization Of American Women, Founded 19 May 1892, And Composed Of One Colonial Society From Each Of The 13 Original States, One Society From The District Of Colum Bia And One Associate Society From Each Of The Non-colonial ...
Colonial Government
Colonial Government, Propri Etary. The 16th And 17th Centuries Constituted A Period Of Financial And Economic Wealcness In The English Government And The Proprietary Colony Was One Of Its Results. When The Eng Lish Began Their Colonization Enterprises The Monarchy Had To A Great Extent Thrown Off The Evil Influences ...
Colonial Wars
Colonial Wars, Society Of. The Society Of Colonial Wars In The State Of New York Was Incorporated 18 Oct. 1892. It Is A Patriotic Organization For Perpetuating The Names And Valor Of Those Participating In The Warfare Of American Colonial History. To Be Eligible It Is Necessary To Have A ...
Colonial Wars In America
Colonial Wars In America. A Résumé Of The Colonial Wars In America Must Of Necessity Omit Many Local Disturbances Which Were Of Importance Historically And Which The Student Can Find Graphically De Scribed In Many Of The Volumes Included In The Bibliography At The Close Of This Article. Soffie Of ...
Colonies And Colonization
Colonies And Colonization. In The Older And Stricter Sense, A Colony Is A Body Of People Who, Having Migrated And Settled Beyond The Borders Of Their Native Coun Try, Retain A Political Connection With The Parent State. Since, However, The Colonists May Be Mingled In Any Proportion With The Natives, ...
Colonization Society Of America
Colonization Society Of America, The National. An Association To Colonize Free Negroes In Africa Or Elsewhere. The Idea Was Evolved By Friends Of Negro Ad Vancement And Opponents Of Slavery. Dr. Samuel Hopkins, Of Newport, R. I., In 1770 Sug Gested The Christianizing And Civilizing Of Africa And The Assisting ...
Colony
Colony, A Settlement Formed In One Country By The Inhabitants Of Another. Colo Nies May Either Be Formed In Dependence On The Mother Country Or In Independence. In The Latter Case The Name Of Colony Is Retained Only In A Historical Sense. The Motives Which Lead To The Formation Of ...
Color Photography
Color Photography), In All Of Which Three Pho Tographs Talcen Through Red, Green And Blue Filters Are Dyed With These Respective Colors And Then Presented Simultaneously To The Eye. Ives And Cros Used Three Separate Filter Screens, Joly Ruled A Single One With Lines Alternately Re4 Blue, Green, And Luiniere ...
Color Printing
Color Printing, The Art Of Repro Ducing Pictures, Designs, Letterpress, Etc., By Any Of The Processes Of Printing, In Two Or More Colors. It May Be Divided Into —(1) Primitive Color Printing, As Japanese Brushwork From Color Blocks; (2) Chromolithographic Printing, In Which Colors Are Superimposed By Litho Graphic Processes ...
Color In Animals
Color In Animals. See Coloration Paorectivz. Achromatropsia, Popularly Known As Daltonirm, A Singular Affection, Producing An Inability To Distin Guish One Color From Another, And In Certain Rare Cases To Discern Color At All, The Eye Per Ceiving Only Light And Shade, Or Black And White. Although Recognized For Centuries, ...
Color In Plants
Color In Plants. The Prevailing Color Of Vegetation Is Green, Owing To The I Presence Of Chlorophyll In All External Tissues Not Turned To Wood Or Bark. This Is A Green Substance Produced In And Necessary To All The Growing Parts Of Plants Exposed To Sunlight; But The Flowers And ...
Colorado
Colorado, Kol-o-rii'do, The ((centennial State (admission To The Union Planned For 4 July 1876, Consummated 1 August), Is Bounded North By -wyoming And Western Nebraska, South By New Mexico And Western Oklahoma, East By Kansas And Nebraska, West By Utah. Capital, Denver. Area, 103,925 Square Miles (280 Of It Water). ...
Colorado Springs
Colorado Springs, Colo., City And County-seat Of El Paso County, On The Denver And Rio Grande, The Denver T. And G., The Santa Fe, Rock Island And Missouri Pacific And The Colorado Mountain Railroads. It Is Situated On A Plain At An Elevation Of 6,000 Feet, Near Pikes Peak, And ...
Coloration
Coloration, Protective. The Color Of Plants And Animals Is Primarily Due To The Reflection Of Light, And Is Dependent In Some Cases On The Pigment In The Tissues Of Flowers, And In The Skin, Scales, Hair Or Feathers Of Animals, And In Others To Structural Surfaces Which By Diffraction Give ...
Colorimeter
Colorimeter, An Instrument For Measuring The Depth Of Color In A Liquid By Comparison With A Standard Liquid. They Are Of Three General Types, Based Upon The Three Variables In The Intensity.of Colored Solutions: (i) The Quantity Of Colonng Matter Required To Make The Match; (2) The Volume Of The ...
Coloring
Coloring, One Of The Essential Parts Of Painting—namely, That Part Which Relates To Colors. Besides A Knowledge Of The Art Of Pre Paring And Mixing Colors, And The Whole Me Chanical Process From The Beginning To The Fin Ishing Of A Picture, Which In The Various Kinds Of Painting Varies ...
Coloring Matters
Coloring Matters. This Name. Ought To Include Every Substance, Organic Or In Organic, Which Is The Cause Of Color In Another, But In Practice It Is Restricted To The Coloring Matters Of Vegetables And Animals, To The Dyes That Are Used For Coloring Fabrics. The Reason Of This Restriction Probably ...
Colors In Art And
Colors In Art And Symbolism. When A Connoisseur Examines An Oriental Rug He Takes Into Consideration The Symbolic Intent Of The Color Scheme As Well As Of The Motifs Depicted. He Remembers That, To The Moham Medan, Green Is A Sacred Color And Must Not Be Trodden On. Collectors Of ...