Executive.— Elective executive officers hold office for two years. The governor (salary $5,000) may veto any bill and specific items in an appropriation bill. In either case the veto may be overruled by a two-thirds vote of each house. Three boards of great importance have been recently organized — The Tax Commis sion, The State Public Utilities Commission and The Industrial Commission. Each of these boards is composed of three members appointed by the governor and confirmed by the Senate for a period of six years. The salaries of The Tax Commissioners are $3,500 each; of the members of the other boards, $4,000 each. The duties of The Tax Commission are the assess ment of corporations, supervision of assessment and the collection of taxes in counties, making the State tax levy, acting on all petitions for abatements, rebates or refunds of taxes. The Industrial Commission has charge of the State Compensation Insurance Fund and it is its duty to inquire into and supervise the enforce ment of law as far as respects relations be tween employer and employee, of the laws relat ing to child labor, laundries, stores, factory in spection, employment of females, employment offices and bureaus, mining—both coal and metalliferous, fire escapes and means of egress from places of employment and all other laws protecting the life, health and safety of em ployees, etc. The Public Utilities Commission has•supervisory power over all public utilities, whether privately or municipally owned, in chiding automobile lines in competition with railroads. It has power to fix the rates and to pass upon the service rendered.
Legislative.— The general assembly meets biennially; the 35 senators are elected for four years and the 65 representatives are elected for two years. The constitution limits the total membership of the two houses to 100 members.
Judiciary.— The Supreme Court consists of seven members, elected for 10 years. The court is divided into three departments. The chief justice, who is the judge having the shortest term to serve, providing he has been elected for the full term, presides in each department. Constitutional questions must be heard by the full bench, other questions may be. There is no appeal from the decisions of a department. The district judges are elected for six years and the county judges for four years.
Militia.— The National Guard, a part of the militia of the State, consists of one regiment of Infantry, one squadron of Cavalry, one bat talion of Field Artillery, one company of Sig nal Corps, one Hospital Corps, two companies of Engineer Corps. The complete organization contains 1,500 men.
Population and Divisions.— The first (Ter ritorial) census, that of 1860, showed 34,277 people; 1870, 39,864; 1880, 194,327; 1890, 412,198. The census of 1900 showed a population of 539, 700; of 1910, 799,024; 1916 (government esti mate), 975.190. Of the total population of the State in 1910, 475,136, or 59.5 per cent, are native whites of native parentage, and 181,428, or 22.7 per cent are native whites of foreign or mixed parentage, 126,851 are foreign born whites and 11,453 are negroes. There is
very little change in percentages over the cen vox.. 7— 21 sus of 1900. Thirty-four and nine-tenths per cent were born in Colorado; foreign born were from Germany, Italy, Russia, Austria, Sweden, England, Canada, Ireland, Scotland, Denmark and Mexico, the largest percentage being from Germany. There are 194,164 foreigners re ported.
There are 63 counties in the State, as fol lows, with their county-seats: Adams, Brighton. Lake, Leadville.
Alamosa, Alarnosa. La Plata, Durango.
Archuleta, Pagosa Springs. Lorimer. Fort Collins.
Arapahoe, Littleton. Las Animas. Trinidad.
Baca, Springfield. Lincoln, Hugo.
Bent, Las Animas. Logan, Sterling.
Boulder, Boulder. Mesa, Grand Junction.
Chaffee, Buena Vista. Mineral. Creede.
Cheyenne, Cheyenne Wells. Moffat. Craig.
Clear Creek, Georgetown. Montezuma. Cortez.
Conejde. Montrose, Montrose. San Luis. Morgan. Fort Morgan. Crowley,_ Ordway. Otero, La Junta.
Custer, Silvercliff. Ouray, Ouray.
Delta. Delta. Park, Fairplay.
Denver, Denver. Phillips, Holyoke.
Dolores, Rico. Pitkin, Aspen.
Douglas, Castlerock. Prowers, Lamar.
Eagle, Red"liffPueblo, Pueblo.
Elbert, Kiowa. Rio Blanco, Meeker.
El Paso, Colorado Springs. Rio Grande, Del Norte.
Fremont, Carlon City. Routt, Hahns Peak.
Garfield, Glenwood ' Saguache. Saguache.
Gilpin, Central City. San Juan, Silverton.
Grand, Sulphur Springs. San Miguel, Telluride.
Gunnison, Crunnison.Sedgwicic. Julesbua Hinsdale, Lake City. Suirdnit, Huerfano, Walsenburg. Teller, Cripple C .
Walden. Washington, Akron. efferson, Golden. Weld, Greeley. wa, Sheridan Lake. Yuma, Wray. Kit Carson, Burlington.
In 1900 there were 27 places in Colorado of over 2,000 people; 17 of over 3,000; and 8 of over 4,000. The urban population of the State had so grown by 1916 that 34 incorporated places were over 2,000 in population; 21 over 3,000, and 16 over 4,000. The metropolis is Denver (q.v.), on the east flank of the Rocky Mountains, north of the centre, with 133,869 in habitants in 1900 and 213,381 in 1910, more than doubling in 20 years; it is the head of the Rocky Mountain trade, and chief United States market for ranching, prospecting, and moun taineering supplies. Pueblo with 44,395, and Colorado Springs with 29,078, are on the same front line of the mountains; the former a min ing emporium; the latter the greatest sanato rium of the West. Leadville 7,503, is the head of a great mining district on the upper Arkansas west of South Park; Cripple Creek, 6,206, is the centre of its rich mining region, west of Colo rado Springs; Boulder, 9,539, in the mountains northwest of Denver, is a sanatorium with medicinal springs, also a manufacturing town; Trinidad, 10,204, in the extreme south, is the southernmost of the frontal towns, below Pueblo; Greeley, with a population of 8,179, is the chief city of Weld County. Colorado towns are growing so rapidly and have developed so many suburbs that even the figures of the cen sus give a very inadequate idea of their popula tion or importance.