1760. Quebec.— The delay caused in re building and strengthening Ticonderoga and Crown Point prevented Amherst from moving on Montreal. The French had time to rally under De Levis, who succeeded -Montcalm, and planned retaking Quebec. The plan was put in operation 17 April 1760. De Levis with 10,000 men went down the river to Quebec, where Murray was in control. De Levis camped three miles from the city. On 28 April an attack was made, in which Murray lost 1,000 men and a train of artillery. The French loss was esti mated at 300.• De Levis built trenches about the city, preparing for a long siege. Swanton arrived 15 May and destroyed all the French ships at Quebec. The siege was raised 17 May and on 8 Sept. 1760, the English flag was raised in Montreal.
1762. Martinique: Havana.— General Rob bert Monckton sailed from New York late in 1761 with two line-of-battle ships, 100 transports and 12,000 regulars and colonials; in February 1762 he captured Martinique; next, Fort Royal, Saint Pierre, Saint Vincent, Grenada and Saint Lucia surrendered; the French fleet was de stroyed; on 12 Aug. 1762, Havana was captured by forces under the Duke of Albemarle, after a fierce struggle of 44 days, and great loss of life.
1763-64. Pontiac's War.—Pontiac, chief of the Ottawas, posed as friend of the English after their victories; in secret he was plotting against them with Algonquins, Wyandots, Sen ecas and others. He planned simultaneous at tacks on Western posts in the spring of 1763. Major Gladwin, commanding at Detroit, was forewarned, and when Pontiac and his 60 chiefs appeared on 6 May, they found the garrison under arms. The fort was unsuccessfully at tacked for two months; then relief came from Fort Niagara. Captain Ecuyer at Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh, Pa.) was also prepared. At the first attack, 22 June, the Indians were repulsed. The second attack, 26 July, lasted four days, and the Indians were defeated. General Am
herst sent Colonel Bouquet with 500 men to its relief ; while en route, 25 miles east of the fort, he fought a stiff battle with Indians at Bushy Run, coming off victorious. In September 1764 Colonel Bouquet was again at Fort Pitt. Toward the close of November the Delawares and Shawnees returned 200 captive whites. This border war had caused much distress, and the following forts had been lost before Sir William Johnson and Bradstreet successfully treated with 2,000 representatives of the Otta was, Ojibways, Iroquois and Wyandots at Fort Niagara, and Pontiac's war was over: May 16, 1763, Fort Sandusky.
May 25, Fort Saint Joseph (at the mouth of Joseph oseph River, Mich.).
May 31, Fort Onatanon (on the Wabash, Lafayette, Ind.).
June 2, Fort Michillirnackinac (Mackinaw, Mich.).
June 17, Fort Presqu' Isle (Erie, Pa.).
June 18, Forts Le Bceuf (Erie County, Pa.), Venango (Venango County), and forts at Car lisle and Bedford, Pa.
1774. Lord Dunmore's War.— When Lord Dunmore was royal governor of Virginia in 1774, dissension as to boundary lines arose be tween Virginia and Pennsylvania, as well as to ways and means of dealing with Indians. Vir ginia wished to possess their lands; Pennsylva nia desired their trade; as whites encroached more and more on lands, Indians became an gered; outrages followed, perpetrated by Shaw nees, Mingos, Cherokees, Wyandots and Dela wares. In the spring of 1774 a ruffian borderer, Greathouse, killed nine kinsmen of the Iroquois Logan. This caused continued hostilities until the battle of Great Kanawha, or battle of Point Pleasant, in October. The effect of this battle kept the northwest Indians submissive during the early years of the Revolution, and at the same time permitted settlement of the Ken tucky regions.