LER'S REBELLION.
1690. First Intercolonial War: King Wil liam's War: Quebec.— War between England and France was declared in 1689. The French in Canada planned an attack on Boston and New York. They came down from Canada with Indian allies; attacked Schenectady 8 Feb. 1690; Salmon Falls, 27 March; horrible massacres ensued and the colonies were aroused. March 19 the General Court of Massachusetts proposed a congress, at which measures for their protection should be ar ranged. The several colonial bodies were notified. Representatives from Massachusetts, Plymouth, Connecticut and New York met at New York. On 1 May they signed an agree ment to send 855 men for the support of Al bany and, uby the help of Almighty God, sub duing the French and Indian Enemies?) At tempts to conquer Acadia and so move on Quebec, together with a plan to secure Mon treal via Lake Champlain, followed. Acadia and Port Royal were captured by New Eng land men under Sir William Phipps; then the force pressed on to Quebec, but not securing the desired support of Maj. Fitz John Win throp, their object was not accomplished.
1696. Frontenac's Expedition.—Frontenac's expedition against Iroquois, Oneida and Onon daga tribes, occurred in 1696, when he was 74 years of age. The tribes were humbled by him but not subdued.
1702-10. Second Intercolonial War: Queen Anne's War.— War was declared 15 May 1702. In August 1703 the French and Indians at tacked Wells, Saco and Casco. Deerfield and Lancaster also suffered. In May 1704 Col. Benjamin Church, with troops, sailed from Boston, against Acadian settlements. In 1705 French and Indians destroyed Petit Havre and Saint John's, N. F. In 1709 Haverhill was attacked by French and Indians; 16 Oct. 1710, Port Royal was captured by the English under Nicholson, and renamed Annapolis, in honor of the Queen. Varying degrees of Indian hostility were experienced along the coast to the Kennebec River, until 1725, when peace prevailed.
1703-15. Southern Wars: Charlestown.— On 15 Jan. 1703, a battle was fought between Carolina troops under Colonel Moore and the Spanish forces under Don Juan Mexia, and 800 of the latter were killed. In August 1706, Charlestown was attacked by a Spanish fleet, with small loss to either side.
1711. Tuscarora War.— On 22 Sept. 1711, Tuscaroras and Corees slaughtered inhabitants along the Roanoke River and Pamlico Sound. Dunng several days they killed the whites along Albemarle Sound. Col. John Barnwell, with South Carolina troops and Indian allies, guided an expedition which made several at tempts to drive them away; finally captured 800 in a fort; fought a severe battle 28 Jan. 1712, and killed 400 warriors. The remaining hostile Tuscaroras migrated to Oneida Lake, joining the Iroquois confederacy.
1714-15. Yemassee War.— The Yemassee War was instigated, so it is claimed, by the Spaniards. A series of Indian outbrealcs oc curred in 1714-15, in one encounter 400 South Carolinians being killed. The Yemassees were driven out of Carolina into Florida, but disas trous warfare continued, hundreds suffering brutally at the hands of savages.
1739-48. War with Spaniards in Florida: War of Jenkins' Ear: Carthagena.— The English South Sea Company, under the Treaty of -Utrecht, was permitted to supply slaves to Spanish colonies. A smuggling-trade de veloped, which a Spanish fleet (guarda costa) tried to discourage. England and her colonies heard of terrible severities imposed by Spaniards on suspects captured. Runaway slaves from South Carolina made their way to Florida, were well received, protected and given grants of land by the Spaniards, who de clined to return slaves. In 1738 Oglethorpe, appointed military commander of Georgia and South Carolina, returned from England with a regiment. The same year, Captain Jenkins, skipper of the ship Rebecca, was examined in the House of Commons. He described how, having unjustly accused him of smuggling, the Spaniards first hung him at the yardarm, then lowered him, and cut off his ear, telling him to take it to his icing. Public clamor caused Walpole to declare war 23 Oct. 1739. An English fleet under Admiral Vernon visited the Isthmus of Darien, and captured Porto Bello. Oglethorpe, having perfected a treaty with the Creek Indians, called on them and South Carolina for aid. Although an expe dition captured Fort Picolata (thus preserving navigation of Saint John's River, and pre venting Spaniards communicating with posts at Saint Mark's and Pensacola), Oglethorpe found the 1,200 men under his command un able to make any impression on Saint Augus tine, and gave up the siege of that place after heavy loss to his Highland regiment, and desertion of Indians and some Carolina troops. In the spring of 1741 Admiral Vernon, co-op erating with land forces under General Went worth, failed in an assault on Carthagena. A fleet under Commodore Anson secured several valuable Spanish prizes. The Peruvian town of Paita was destroyed. In 1742 a Spanish fleet of 56 vessels, carrying 7,000 or 8,000 men, fitted out at Havana, and appeared off the Georgia coast at the end of June. Its attempts to capture the island of Amelia and forts at Frederica were frustrated by General Ogle thorpe on 7 July 1743, and the Spaniards lost heavily at the battle of Bloody Marsh; 24 July Oglethorpe proclaimed a general thanksgiving for the end of the invasion.