DU CHAILLU, Paul Belloni, American traveler: b. Paris, 31 July 1835; d. Saint Petersburg, Russia, 30 April 1903. He spent his youth in the French settlement on the Gaboon, on the west coast of Africa, where his father was a merchant, and received his educa tion from the Jesuits there. In 1852 he went to the United States, of which he afterward be came a naturalized citizen. In 1855 he began his first journey through western Africa, and spent till 1859 alone among the different tribes, traveling on foot upward of 8,000 miles. He collected several gorillas, never before hunted, and rarely, if ever, before seen by any Euro pean. The result of this journey was his work 'Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa' (1861). This book contained much important information on the zoology, geogra phy and ethnology of parts of the continent then unknown to Europeans, and by many au thorities Du Chaillu's statements were received with suspicion; but subsequent expeditions by others fully confirmed his substantial accuracy. A second expedition was made by him in 1863, an account of which, under the title 'A Jour ney to Ashango Land,' appeared in 1867. 'The Land of the Midnight Sun,' an account of a tour in northern Europe (1881), had a con siderable success. He has also published a number of books intended for youth, and based on his travels. One of his later works is 'The Viking Age' (1889), a treatise on the ancestors of the English-speaking peoples. In addition
to the works named above may be mentioned his 'Stories of the Gorilla Country' (1868) ; 'Wild Life Under the Equator' (1869) ; 'Lost in the Jungle' (1869) ; 'The Country of the Dwarfs> (1872) ; 'The Land of the Long Night' (1899) ; 'The World of the Great Forest' (1900) ; 'How Animals, Birds, Reptiles and Insects Talk, Think, Work and Live' (1900).
DUCHATEL, Charles Marie Tanneguy, COUNT, French economist and poli tician: b. Paris, 19 Feb. 1803; d. there, 6 Nov. 1867. Prior to 1830 he took an active part in editing the Globe, one of the leading organs of the Liberalists. He began his parliamentary career.in 1832, was named secretary-general of the finances in 1833, and in 1835 was appointed to the Ministry of Commerce. He resigned with his colleagues in February 1836, and now became one of the most energetic leaders of the opposition. At the accession of the cabinet of Soult and Guizot in 1840 he came again into power as Minister of the Interior, and re tained this position with but a short interrup tion till the revolution of 1848, after which he lived in retirement. The measures supported by him both as deputy and minister were gen erally of a financial character, but he also took a prominent part in the establishment of rail ways and telegraphs in France. He wrote several works on economics.