DUNOYER, Charles, French economist : b. Carennac (Lot) 1786; d. Paris 1862. He studied law at Paris, then assisted in preparing Sirey's (Recued de Jurisprudence.' He welcomed the fall of the Empire, though he only accepted the legitimist monarchy so far as it respected the liberties of the'people. In con junction with Charles Comte he established in 1814 the journal named Le Censeur. It was discontinued in 1816 but resumed publication after 18 months as Le Censeur Europlen. The increasing severity of the press laws, however, seriously hampered its editors and in 1820 it suspended publication. Thereafter Dunoyer de voted his attention to economies. He gave at Paris in the Athenmum Institute a course of lec tures on political economy and moral science, which were afterward published as trie et la morale considerees dans leers rapports avec In liberte' (1825). In 1830, on the issuance of the Ordonnances de Juliet Dtmoyer protested and turned to Louis Philippe, whose accession to power be welcomed. Appointed prefect of Allier he was transferred in 1832 to the pre fecture of the Somme; this he quitted in 1838 to enter the council of state. This last post was -better suited to his disposition, which, though calm, was full of energy and ill-adapted to the compromising attitude necessary to a practical politician. In 1830 he reprinted his volume of 1825 with many additions, under the title of 'Nouveau traite d'economie social& (2 vols.),
but before the second volume was issued from the press a fire consumed nearly the whole edition. Extending the scope of the work Dunoyer re issued the work in 1848 under the title 'De la liberte du travail ou simple expose des condi tions dans lesquelles les forces humaines s'exer cent avec le plus de (3 vols.). He also contributed to the Revue Encyclopedique, the Revue Franfaise, Journal des Debats and the Journal des Economistes. The revolution of 1848 was a heavy blow to him; he remained, however, on the council of state, and only relin quished his seat there after the coup d'itat of 1851. Bitterly hostile to the second Empire, as he had been to the first, he wrote a work di rected against the new order of affairs. This book, which was published after his death, and then only at Brussels, is entitled 'Le second empire et une nouvelle restauration' (2 vols., 1865). In 1832 he was elected member of the Institute and in 1845 president of the society of political 'economy. His miscellaneous works — 'Notices d'economie social& — and the second edition of 'La liberte du travail' appeared in 1886 (3 vols.). Dunoyer was one of the great economists of the 19th century. He was a sup porter of Malthus on population, but he was no believer in the theory of rent, considering that there was but one factor in production, i.e. labor.