DUALITY OF MIND. According to T. J. Hudson, the doctrine of duality of mind has become a cardinal principle in the philosophy of many of the ablest ex ponents of what is called the New Psychology. He distinguishes the two minds in man by designating the one as Objective, and the other as Subjective. The difference between the two is stated as follows. " The objective mind takes cognizance of the objective world. Its media of observation are the five physical senses. It is the outgrowth of man's physical necessities. It is his guide in his struggle with his material environment. Its highest function is that of reasoning. The subjective mind takes cognizance of its environment by means in dependent of the physical senses. It perceives by in tuition. It is the seat of the emotions, and the storehouse of memory. It performs its highest functions when the objective senses are in abeyance. In a word, it is that intelligence which makes itself manifest in a hypnotic subject when he is in a state of somnambulism." As regards the power of Suggestion over these two minds the following propositions are laid down. " 1. That the objective mind, or, let us say, man in his normal condition, is not controllable, against reason, positive knowledge, or the evidence of his senses, by the suggestions of another. 2. That the subjective mind,
or man in the hypnotic state, is unqualifiedly and con stantly amenable to the power of suggestion." Two further propositions are as follows. " 1. The objective mind is capable of reasoning by all methods,—inductive and deductive, analytic and synthetic. 2. The subjective mind is incapable of inductive reasoning." But, " given a general principle to start with," the subjective mind " will reason deductively from that down to all legitimate inferences, with a marvellous cogency and.
power." Another peculiarity of the subjective mind consists in Its prodigious memory. " It would perhaps be hazardous to say that the memory of the subjective mind is perfect, but there is good ground for believing that such a proposition would be substantially true." It used to be thought that the subjective mind of a person could only be influenced by another objective mind (Suggestion). But it is now held that the ob jective mind of a person can influence its subjective mind (Auto-suggestion)—for instance by giving it certain directions just before the person falls asleep. See T. J. Hudson.