A patent has just been granted to Mr. F. C. Bakewell, of Hampstead, for a very compact and ingenious apparatus for the preparation of aerated waters, the peculiarity of which consists in the gas generating and the gas impregnating apparatus being inclosed in the same vessel, and in the whole operation being effected by a simple oscillating motion. A correct ides of this machine may be formed by the annexed figure, (representing a vertical section of its principal parts,) together with the subjoined explanation. a a exhibits an external casing of a cylindrical form, with spherical ends, made strong enough to resist a pressure of several atmospheres; b is a partition, about two-thirds from the top of the vessel, separating it into two parts. The bottom part e is a receptacle for the chalk, or other suitable material, mixed into a pasty consistency with water ; d is a vessel containing dilute muriatic or sulphuric acid, which is made to pass out in small quantities, as required, at the aperture e into the vessel c; f is a guard to prevent the aperture e from being choked up ; g is a pipe, of the form of a truncated cone inverted, being about an inch diameter at bottom, and two inches at the top. This pipe is fitted into an aperture in the partition b, and is closed at the upper end; its object is for the ascent of the gas as it is generated, which passes from the top down an external pipe, into the lower part i of a vessel k, and through a small aperture the tenth of an inch diameter, (or through several apertures whose total areas do not exceed the tenth of an inch,) through the partition into the upper part of the vessel h. This vessel, which is deno minated the washing vessel, is furnished with two shelves, sloping in opposite directions near its top, to detain the gas longer in its passage through the aperture 1 to an external pipe, furnished with a perforated rose, for distri buting the gas as it escapes into the water to be impregnated, contained in the vessels o o; p is a stop-cock for drawing off the impregnated water as required ; is an aperture for the introduction of the chalk and water; r, another for the introduction of the acid; and s, another for the water to be aerated : each of these apertures is provided with a screwed cap, to stop them securely after the respective vessels have been charged. The apparatus is made to swirl on two
pivots, one of which is shown in section at t. When the chalk and acid recep tacles are to be supplied with those ingredients, the apparatus is to be turned on its pivots to a horizontal position, with the aperture r upwards, and a funnel or hopper, with a bent stem, is to be employed m filling the vessel c c; n is an end view of a pendulum or agitator, of the form of an arch of a circle, extending across the bottom of the vessel, and suspended at its two extremities ; one of the suspension wires is shown in the drawing. The apparatus having been charged as above described, is to be put into vibration on its pivots, by which the chalk and water will be effectively agitated by the motion of the pendulum, while a small portion of acid will escape from the vessel d, into the vessel e, to keep up the generation of the gas as it passes off to the water in a, which will, at the same time, by the vibration of the apparatus, be thoroughly mixed with the gas as it escapes through the rose a. An elegant apparatus, adapted for saturating liquids with the carbonic acid, as well as other gases, was invented by M. Clement, for which, see the article ABSORBING AND PRODUCTIVE CASCADA. Some manu facturers of aerated waters employ mechanical means to force the gas into the water, by the use of a transferring pump or syringe, which is connected at one end with a bladder, or other reservoir of the gas, and at the other, with a vessel, or single bottle of water ; the up-stroke of the pump extracting the gas from the bladder, and the down-stroke transferring it into the water.