Opianyl (Gerhardt's hydride of opianyl H), ac companies cotarnine under the circumstances just mentioned. It is identical with the meconin that exists naturally in opium. It occurs in aeicular crystals. Nitric acid converts into hyponitromeconic acid, or nitromecontn. [Mecosms.] Apophyllic acid so called from the resemblance of its crystals to those of the well known mineral apophyllite, is produced by the breaking up of cotarnine on prolonging the oxidation of narcotine ; the opianyl is also then broken up into hemipinic and opianic acids. Hcmiptnic acid + 4Aq.) crystallises in colourless rhom boidal prisms. It is volatile and condenses in brilliant plates. Ethyl hemipinic acid contains (C„Ii.(C,11,) 0,, + 3 Aq.).
Opianic acid (C,„H,„0„) (Gerhardt's hydrated oxide of opianyl is a tolerably abundant product of the energetic oxide tion of narcotiz". It crystallises in small, shining, silky prisms ; is 'lightly soluble in cold water, more so in hot water, and also in alcohol; reacts as an acid ; readily melte but does not appear to be volatile. The lead (mil ailver mats occur in thin shining prisms and flakes% Sulphurous acid converts it into opiareo-suipherows arid sp. t).
SsdpAopieie acid (G erhard Ca sulphide of opia ay! C 11 0 ,S 9° 9 ) is produced on passing sulphuretted hydrogen Into a solution of opianic acid kept at a temperature of about 158* Fehr. It crystallises from alcohol in slender needles.
°piano mow (C.,H,,N0,), (Oerhu-dea nitride of opianyl and hydrogen is a pale yellow crystalline powder obtained on ovapo lI rating a solution of ()planate of ammonia. Caustic potash partly con• verte it into.rasfhopeaic arid.
Teropio sawn 0,), (Gerhardt'a nitride of +2110) is formed when narcotine is acted upon by dilute nitric acid. It crystallises from boiling alcohol in thin colourless needles.
Nareogenine was the name given by Blyth to the base in a platinum salt that he obtained after oxidising narcotine. It
appears however to be merely a combination of the chloroplatinates of nareotine and cotarnine.
deriratires of nareotine. From the experiments of Wertheim it would seem that narcotine (C,„11„NO,,) contains ethyl ; he therefore represents its composition by the formula (C.,11,,,(C,11,) NO„), looks upon opianine (C„11„N0„) as normal nareotine (C„II,,,, 01)NO„), and has succeeded in obtaining a methyl derivative (C,11,)N0,,), and a propyl derivative (C„11„(C.11,)NO„).
7. Nareeine Naretia. So called from velpore, stupor. From the lead with which it is combined in the precipitate already mentioned, narceine is separated by aulphuretted hydrogen; the filtrate after evaporation to a syrupy consistence deposits silky crystals of nareeine.
Narceine, purified by recrystallisation, occurs in colourless needles soluble in boiling water and in alcohol, but insoluble in ether. It is more fusible than morphine, or narcotine, and does not seem to be poisonous. Concentrated sulphuric acid colours it intensely red, changing to green on application of heat. Iodine gives it a deep blue colour. It forms crystalline salts with most of the acid's, though in I asic power it is somewhat feeble. The hydreeldorate contains NO ,, HCI).
Porphyro.rin (from wopsotwor, purple, and Res, arid) is, according to Merck, another principle contained in opium. It is said to be a crys talline resin, and on its turning red when paper wetted with its ethereal solution 'is exposed to warm hydrochloric acid, is founded a test for the presence of opium in a compound mixture.
Pscudontorphine I) is, according to Pelletier, occasionally met with in opium. It somewhat resembles morphine but does not form salts, is not affected by iodic acid, and apparently is not poisonous.