The Dzerens inhabit the dry arid deserts of Central Asia, Tibet, China, and Southern Siberia, particularly the great desert of Gobi; and prefer the most sandy and stony plains, feeding upon such scanty herbage as these localities supply, and avoiding water, to which they appear to entertain a marked aversion. They are remarkably swift, take prodigious leap& and when frightened will occasionally Pam over 20 or 25 feet at a single bound. In spring and summer they form small families which live apart from one another, but in the beginning of winter they unite into large flocks, always sunder the guidance of an experienced old buck. They never run, even when pursued, in a confused crowd, but form single files, and follow closely in the footsteps of their leader. They rarely emit any voice. When taken they are easily tamed, and appear to have rather a predilection for the domestic state, often mixing with flocks of sheep, and approaching human habitations during the severity of the winter season. Their flesh is tender and well tasted, and they are a favourite object of chase with the Moguls and Tartars. The gestation of the females continues from December till the middle of .11111C, and they produce but a single kid at a birth, which grown slowly, and is long in arriving at maturity. During the first year the young males have neither horns nor any appearance of the pro tuberance on the throat from which the epecifle name of gutturoaa is derived ; but these organs are gradually more and more developed in proportion as the animal advances in age, till at last, in very old animals, the laryngal protuberance attains the dimensions of 5 inches in length by 3 inches in breadth, and assumes the nppearance of a large and deformed goitre. The females differ from the males by the absence of this protuberance as well as by the want of horns. Gmelin denies the antipathy to water which Messersehmid attributes to this species, and affirms that when pursued the Dzerens do not hesitate to throw themselves into the first river they meet with, and that they swim remarkably well. The physical nature of the arid sandy plains which they frequent, in preference to all other situations, may pro bably have given rise to this presumed antipathy to an element which they seldom encounter, as well as to the marked antipathy to woody localities likewise attributed to them, trees and rivers being equally unknown in the indigenous habitats of these animals.
4. Procapra picticauda, the Ragoa, or Goa, is an animal described by Mr. Hodgson as an inhabitant of Tibet. It has brown hair with rufous tips; the inside of the ears and limbs white ; and tail black. It is perhaps the last species in its summer coat.
Gazella.
The horns black, strong, 13-rate; the face conical, tapering ; the nose is simple; the females have smaller horns; the fur is short, close pressed ; the skull has a suborbital fissure, and a moderate or very slight fos& suddenly pressed in before the orbit.
5. Gazelle Dorcas (Antipope Dorcas Pallas), tho Gazelle, the Algazel, the Corinne, is 3 feet 6 inches in length, 1 foot 9i inches high at the shoulder, and 1 foot 104 inches at the croup ; the head ia 6 inches long, the horns 94, the ears 41, and the tail, with its terminating tuft, S inches. The horns of the old male are sur rounded by 13 or 14 promi nent rings, complete and close together at the base, more distant, oblique, and interrupted behind, towards the points, the last inch or inch and a half alone being smooth and free from annuli; they rise ahnost immediately above the orbits, are black, almost cylindrical, at first bent gently backwards, and finally forwards ; in the females they are much smaller, seldom exceeding the ears iu length, surrounded at the base with a few °bemire wrinkles, smooth and polished through out the rest of their extent, straight to near the tips, and pointing inwards. This is the character of the Corinne of Buffon, which
is now considered by the best zoologists to be nothing more than the female of this species, and not itself a distinct species, as was formerly supposed. The ears of the Gazelle are long, narrow, siderably longer, and the whole form lighter and more elegant ; the face and cheeks are reddish fawn-colour, and the nose has a broad mark of a dark-brown colour, approaching to black ; on each side of the face, passing over the eyes from the horns down to the nose, there is a broad white stripe, and beneath this, from the anterior eanthus of the eye, a narrower dark stripe, parallel to it and separating it from the fawn-colour of the cheeks ; the hind part of the head, the back of the ears, neck, shoulders, back, sides, and croup, are fulvous, of different shades according to the age of the individual ; all the under parts are white, and this colour is separated from the fulvous of the, sides by a broad dark-brown longitudinal band on the flanks; the knees are furnished with brushes of dark hair, and the ears are filled internally with long white hair arranged in three longitudinal striae.
The Gazelle is found in Egypt, Barbary, and some say also iu Asia Minor ; but it is very questionable whether the animal of the Levant does not really belong to a different species. It lives in large troops upon the borders of the Tell, or cultivated country, and the Sahara, or desert. When pursued it flies to some distance, then stops to gaze a moment at the hunters, and again renews its flight. The flock, when attacked collect ively, disperse iu all directions, but soon unite; and when brought to bay defend them selves with courage and obsti nacy, uniting in a close circle, with the females and fawns in the centre, and presenting their horns at all points to their enemies; yet, notwith standing their courage, they are the common prey of the lion and panther, and are hunted with great perseve rance by the Arabs and Be duins of the desert. When taken young, they are easily domesticated, and soon be come familiar. This animal is frequently cut upon the monuments of Egypt and Nubia.
The Bevel of Buffou, the Flat-Horned Antelope of Pen nant, the Antilope Kevella of Pallas, have been described from young specimens of this species. The Ariel (Antilope Arabica, llemi rich, A. Curieri of Ogilby, and A. leptoceros of F. Cuvier), seems to be a variety only.
and pointed ; the eyes large, mild, and black ; and the tail round, furnished on its upper surface only with an upright ridge of stiff black hair, and terminated by a little tuft of the same colour ; the size of the body in about equal to that of the roebuck, but the lege are con - , 6. G. Isabella, the Isabella Gazelle, Las been separated by Dr. J. E. Gray from the last species. Ho remarks that it may be easily known from tho foregoing by the softneas and fineness of the skin, and the lower side-streak being of the ramie colour ns the bock, and by having no dark edge to the anal disk. It ion native of Egypt and Kordofan.
7. G. sultosttsrosn (Antilope subgtatwroso, GuMoneta:It), the Alm and Jairou, is of a pale brown colour, the upper part of the sides with a broad rather paler streak, the face-streak indistinct ; the lower part of the aides, belly, hinder side of fore and front side of hinder limbs, and anal disk, white ; the streak on the haunches dark brown ; the end of the tail black. it inhabits all the central parts of Asia, Persia, Daitria, the country around Lake Baikal, and from the eastern limits of Great Bucharia to the shores of the Hellespont. It associates with its own species in extensive flocks, frequents the open mieovered plainn and naked hills of moderate elevation, and feeds principally upon the Absinthinna Pon:knits. The flesh is much cateemed, and of an agreeable taste.