The seven cervical vertebra are all anchylosed together ; there are thirty-eight other vertebrae, nine of which carry the ribs. At the twenty-second the V-shaped bones which characterise the first caudal commence, so that seventeen caudal vetebra3 may be counted. There are six of these V-shaped bones ; and the superior spinous apophyses cease on the ninth caudal, The five first ribs only are articulated to the sternum, and there are only four false ribs on each aide. The sternum is composed of three bones, the first square, notched in front and behind ; the second square also, and notched in front ; the third oblong and notched behind.
The shoulder-blade has the spinal border more extended in pro portion and more rectilinear than in the Dolphins, the anterior angle more pointed, the acromion directed rather downwards, and the cora coid process a little in the opposite direction. The bones of the arm and fore-arm are a little less shortened than in the Dolphins. (`Ossemens Fossiles.') The skull of the Cachalots bears a nearer resemblance to that of the Dolphins than to that of any other Cetaceans. The immense muzzle, notwithstanding its prodigious extent, is, like that of the Dolphin, formed by the maxillaries on the sides, the intermaxillaries towards the mesial line, and the vomer on that line. The inter maxillaries reach beyond the other bones to form the anterior point ; they ascend on the two aides of the nostrils and the nasal bones, and raise themselves to form that species of wall which elevates itself perpendicularly and circularly on the back of the head, but that of the right side is carried higher than that of the left. The vomer shows itself between them in considerable width, especially at the upper part ; it is hollowed into a semicanal throughout its length. The nostrils are pierced at the foot of this sort of wall at the root of the corner, and between the raised and ascending parts of the two inter maxillaries. Their direction is oblique from below upwards, and from behind forwards. They are excessively unequal, and that on the right side is not a fourth of the size of that on the left. The nasal bones are also very unequal. Both ascend between the intermaxil laries against the foot of the semicircular wall which is raised upon the cranium, but they only rise to the level of the left intermaxillary. The right nasal bone is not only larger than the other, but it also descends lower between the two nostrils, articulating itself upon the root of the vomer, and giving to that part an irregular crest which reposes a little obliquely on the left/nostril, which, as before observed, is the longest.
The direction of the vomer and amplitude of the left nostril indicate a direction of the membranous canal of the nostrils and the whole spouting apparatus towards the same side, and explain, Curler obeerves, the fact observed by mariners, namely, that the Cacludota throw their spontings towards the left aide.
The maxillaries do not join each other in front of the semicircular wall ; and leave exposed between them an irregular and considerable of the frontal bone, which goes behind them, and directing itself terally, proceeds to form, as in the Dolphins, the principal part of the ceiling of the orbit. The maxill1ary nukes its anterior angle, in front of which the border of the maxillary has a deep notch, and at its upper surface, opposite to that notch, is the great bole which occupies the place of the suborbital, but which, Cuvier remarks, should here be called supra-orbital. The posterior angle of the orbit is occupied by the point of the zygomatic apophysis of the temporal bone ; but it does not quite join the postorbital npophysis of the frontal bone, so that the edge of the orbit is open at this point. The lower part of the orbit is formed by a stout and cylindrical jugal bone, whose anterior part dilates itself into an oblong lamina which partially closes the orbit in front. The temporal fossa is very deep, rounded, but not distinguished by a crest from the rest of the occiput: a little of the parietal bone is perceptible between the temporal and. the frontal bones. The squamous portion of the temporal bone is not extensive, its zygomatic portion is in the shape of a stout and short cone; proceeding to the orbit it alone forms the arch as in the Dolphins. The occipital bone is vertical and forms the whole posterior surface of the semicircular wall which aurrounda the skull behind. The occipital hole is nearly at the lower third of its height. The lower border of the occipital bona is divided on each side by n notch into two lobes, the external of which represents the mastoid apophysia The lower part of the skull, allowing for the difference of proportion of the parts, much resembles the lower portion of that of the Dolphins. The region behind the nostrils is very much shortened in comparison of that which is anterior to them, and of which the enormous muzzle forms the greatest portion. The result of this conformation is that the besilary and posterior sphenoid are very short ; that the anterior sphenoid, as in the Large-Muzzled Dolphins, only shows itself below in a notch of the vomer, and appears very little towards the temple between the palatine, the pterygoidean, and the temporal Ida of the posterior sphenoid ; and that the pterygoideruis extend on their lateral and posterior part, nearly to the posterior portion of the barsilary bone. The jugal bone on its anterior part lines below a great portion of the vault of the orbit, and proceeds to touch behind the points of the two ephonoids. Their anterior border is not double, as in the Dolphins. The bone of the ear bears a great resemblance to that of the Dolphins, but the tympanic bone is less elongated and lees lobated backwards.