EU'MENES, of Cardin, a town in the Thracian Chersonese, was an important actor iu the troubled times which followed the death of Alexander the Great. [ALEXANDER III; ANTIPATER ; ARRRIDEUS ; PERDICCAS.] Being early taken into the service of Philip of Macedon, he served him for seven, and Alexander for thirteen years, in the confidential office of secretary. Ile also displayed great talent for military affairs through the l'errian campaigns, and was one of Alex ander's favourite and most esteemed officers. After Alexander's death, in the general division of his conquests, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, and the coast of the Euxine as far as Trapezes, fell to the share of Eumenea. This was an expectancy rather than a provision, for the Macedonian army had passed south of those countries in the march to Persia, and as yet they were unsnbdned. Perdiccas however took arms to establish Eumenes in his new government, and did so at the expense of a single battle. To Perdiocas u regent, and after his death to the royal family of Macedon, Eumenee was a faithful ally through good and evil ; indeed lie is the only onset Alexander's officers in whose conduct any appear ance of gratitude or diaintereetedness can be traced. When war broke out between Ptolanateus and Perdicoas (8 is. 321), he was appointed by
the latter to the chief command In Asia Minor between Mount Taurus and the Hellespont (Cor. Nep., e. 3), to rapist the expected invasion of Antipater and Cratere& lie defeated Craterus; but the death of Perdiocas in Egypt threw the balance of power into the hands of Antipater, who made a new allotment of the provinces, in which Eumenes was omitted, and Cappadocia given to another. The task of reducing him was assigned to Antigonus, about D. c. 320. The rest of his life was spent in open hostility or doubtful alliance with Ascrtoo Nue, into whose hands lie was at length betrayed, and by whom he was put to death, n.e. 315, as is related in that article, voL f, col. 238. Eumenes was an admirable partisan soldier, brave, full of resources, and of unbroken spirits. Those parts of Diodoree Siculus (book xviii) which relate to him, and Plutarch's Life,' will be read with pleasure by those who are fond of military adventure. Plutarch (' Life of Eumenee, c. ii.) speaks of some of his letters. The reader may also consult also Droysen, Geechiehte der Nachfolger Alexander.; Ham burg, 1836.