GREGORY XIII., Ugo Buoncompagni, of Bologna, succeeded Pius V. In May 1572, when he was seventy years of age. He was distinguished for his learning, especially in civil and canon law, and be showed considerable zeal for the promotion of education, by estab lishing and endowing colleges at Rome and other towns of his states; among others the Roman college which he built In 1582, after the design of Ammanato, and which is also called the Gregorian College. He was the reformer of the Julian Calendar, and his reformation, called the New Style, has been gradually adopted by all the nations of Europe, except the Russians aud Greeks. He also caused a new and corrected edition of Gmtian'e 'Decretnm' to be published, with notes. [Grurteaus.] Gregory is said to have been naturally of a mild disposition ; but being extremely zealous for the triumph of the Roman Catholic Church, he, at the beginning of his pontificate, allowed publio processions and thanksgivings at Rome when the news of the St. Bartholomew massacre arrived there, although he probably had no
share In the plot. The cardinal of Lorraine, who was then in that city, was the chief promoter of these unchristian demonstrations. Gregory also, from the same motive, was implicated in, and gave encouragement to, some plots against Queen Elizabeth of England. He had likewise disputes with Venice, the grand-duke of Tuscany, and other governments, on the subject of ecclesiastical jurisdiction and discipline. Iu the last year of his life he had the satisfaction of receiving an embassy from Japan, where the Jesuits had made numer ous proselyte& lie died on the 10th of April 1585, and was succeeded by Sixtus V., who found full employment in clearing the Campegna of the banditti whom his predecessor, mainly intent on maintaining and extending the foreign influence of the papacy, had allowed to increase in number and boldness to an alarming extent.