On the 30th of June the Jacobins of Paris burnt Lafayette in effigy in the Petals Royal. Lafayette having returned to his camp, publicly expressed to his officers his disapprobation of the attack on the Tuil eries of the 10th of August, and on the 15th of that month he arrested the commissioners sent by the Legislative Assembly to watch him.
Upon this he was outlawed, and was obliged to cross the frontiers with a few friends. His intention was to repair to some neutral country, but he was arrested by the Austrians, and carried to the fortress of Olmutz, in Moravia, where his wife and daughter soon after joined him, to console him in his confinement. He remained in prison for five years, and was released at last by the treaty of Campo-Formio ; but not approving of the arbitrary conduct of the Directory he repaired to Hamburg, and did not return to Franca till after the Vth Brumaire, 1799. Here he found himself again in opposition to Bonaparte'a am bition, and he voted against the consulship for life, refused all employ ployment under that chief, and retired to the country, where he applied himself to agricultural pursuits.
In 1815 he was returned to the House of Representatives convoked by Napoleon I. on his return from Elba. After the defeat at Waterloo he spoke strongly against any attempt to establish a dictatorship, and moved that the house should declare its sittings permanent, and that any attempt to dissolve it should be considered as treason. When Lucien appealed to the Assembly not to forsake his brother in his adversity, Lafayette replied with great animatiou — " We have followed your brother through the burning sands of Syria, as well as to the frozen deserts of Russia; the bleached bones of two millions of Frenchmen scattered all over the globe attest our devotion to him ; but that devotion," he added, "is now exhausted, as his cause is no longer the cause of the nation." On the return of the Bourbons, La fayette retired to his country residence at Lagrange. Iu 1818 he was returned after a great struggle to the Chamber of Deputies for the department of La Saithe. During that and the following session he
spoke in favour of coustitutional liberty and against exceptional laws, but to no effect. In 1824 he again went on a visit to the United States, where he was received with the greatest enthusiasm in every state of the Uuion. In 1830, being in the house of deputies, he was foremost among the members who resisted the arbitraryordonnaoces of Charles X. He then called out again the national guards and placed himself at their head. Ile was one of the first to propose Lolls Philippe as king of the French, stating his conviction that a monarchy based on popular institutions was the government best suited to France ' • and his influence with the national guard did much to compel the submission of the re publienu party. During the trials of the ex-ministers he further exerted himself zealously to save them from popular fury. But he soon lost the friendship of the king, who was jealous of Lafayette's popularity and influence, which Lafayette himself was too fond of displaying. A measure was almost immediately afterwards brought forward by the ministry for suppressing the office of commander-in-chief of the national guard. Lafayette anticipated its effect by at once tendering his resig nation; but from this time all appearance even of cordiality between him and the king was at an end. Of the subsequent differences between them concerning views of foreign and domestic policy several versions have been given. La Fayette died at Paris on the 29th of May 1834, and his funeral took place on the 28th of the same month, being attended by numerous friends, foreigners as well as French, peers and deputies, who showed the high sense which they entertained of the personal character of the deceased. He was interred, according to his own directions, in the same grave with his wife. Lafayette was iu no sense a great man, but he was always actuated by worthy motives, and he was one of the few public, men whose character passed unscathed through the ordeal of half a century of revolutions.