*CHISHOLM, MRS. CAROLINE, was born about the year 1810, in the parish of Wootton, Northemptonahire, where her father, William Jones, was a small proprietor of land. He died while his daughter was young, but she was carefully brought up by her mother, and in her twentieth year was married to Captain Alexander Chisholm, of the huller' army. Soon after the marriage they proceeded to Madras, where Mrs. ChiahoWs commiseration was excited by the neglected condition in which ahe saw the female children and orphans of the British aoldiers. She succeeded in eatabliahing, under her own management, a achool for girla, and afterwards a school of industry, which had the most satiafactory reaults. After a residence of some years at Madraa, the state of Captain Chisholm'a health required a change of climate, and in 1838 he obtained leave of absence, and they removed to Australia. They rcaided for some time at and when Captain Chisholm's health was re-eatabliahed, he returned to Madras, but his wife remained at Sydney. About this time large numbers of young women were landed there from emigrant-ships, who, if they were not immediately engaged, were without friends, without money, and without a place to aleep in. Here again Mrs. Chiaholm was excited to benevolent exertion, and her first efforts were directed to obtain an asylum for the destitute girls. Some allowance of food waa supplied by the colonial government to those who applied for it, but no place of shelter. Mrs. Chisholm applied to Sir George Gippa, the governor, and at length, at the end of 1341, a low wooden building was obtained, part of an old barracks, and very small, whore she herself meetly resided with the girla, in order to superintend and train them. Step by step she extended her plane of beuevolence, lent small aums to assiat the emigrants, travelled far into the interior, taking young women with her to place them in their situations, became known to the settlers, who willingly aupplied food and shelter, established depots in the bush, and a registry-office in Sydney, and in the period from 1841 to the end of 1845 had obtained situations for females and employment for men to the number of 11,000, to whom she lent small sums which amounted altogether to 1200/., the whole of
which was repaid, minus only 16/. In 1845 Captain Chisholm rejoined his wife, and in 1846 they decided on revisiting England. Before they left the colony several of the most distinguished persons in Sydney and the vicinity presented Mrs. Chisholm with an address of thanks "for her zealous exertions on behalf of the emigrant population ; " and a subscription of 150/. as a testimonial, which, in accepting, she stated should " be expended in further promoting emigration, and in restoring wives to their huabands and children to their parents." Captain-Chisholm and his wife landed in Eogland at the end of Vas year 1846, and took up their residence at Ialingtou, where she carried out her plans of assisting the emigrants of the poorer classea. She established Family Colonization Society,' by which passage-money was collected by weekly instalments ; she travelled in the manufac turing districts, and both there and in the metropolis explained her plans, and gave many interesting accounts of what she hal done and seen. Large numbers of emigrants, properly and prudently provided for, were sent out in successive ships, and in 1854 she herself and her family left London in an emigrant ship for Australia, with the inten tion, as ahe stated, of there spending the remainder of her life. A. considerable sum was eubacribed in Great Britain as a testimonial, and presented to her before she left.