The Potawattomies and Mianzis roam about the district west of Indiana, on the Wabash River, south of Lake Michigan, and number about 7000.
Sacs and Foxes inhabit the district west of Wisconsin. They are brave and dangerous, and number upwards of 5000 souls, but they sold their hunting-grounds, 256,000 acres, on the loway River, and migrated.
The Seminoles were once a powerful tribe in Florida, and gave much trouble to the State. They still amount to 5000 in number, but have been removed by the United States government.
The Sioux or Dacotas are by far the moat numerous race of the Indian tribes, numbering it is said 27,000 souls. Their territory is a wide one, extending from about 40° 30' to 42° 15' N. lat., and from the Mississippi to the Rocky Mountains west. The principal settlement is at the mouth of the Teton river on the Upper Missouri. They are horsemen, well armed, constantly in hostility with the fur-hunters of the west, and with moat of the neighbouring tribes, especially with the Blackfeet.
The Snakes, or Shoshonees, living in the neighbourhood of the Snako river are one of tho principal tribes of the southern or American portion of Columbia. They probably amount to about 20,000 souls. The Snakes are the remains of a tribe driven by the Blackfeet from their old possessions on the Missouri. A part of them are called Shooshooks or Diggers, a degraded race, living on wild roots, whence their name. They are all a poor and depresseerace, living chiefly on fish, and often subjected to great privation. Another tribe, the Flatheads, higher up among the roots of the Rocky Mountains, between Lewis river and Clarke's river, a much finer race of men, do not artificially flatten the skull. They are associated with the Nez Perces, and the Clamets or Tootonez, on the borders of North California. They are hunters and fishers, possessed of a few horses, but live during the winter chiefly on roots. They number probably altogether about 8000 souls.
The Winnebagoes and Menemonies dwell in the country east of the Mississippi, and west of Green Bay, about the Wisconsin and Fox rivers, but chiefly at the Prairie des Chieris. They were once powerful
tribes, but are now reduced, and number about 4000 souls.
The government of the United States have removed the greater part of the native Indians who were dwelling within their dominions to a territory west of the states of Missouri, Arkansas, and Louisiana extending thence to Texas and the Rocky Mountains. From north to south they are located in the following order :—the Kickapoos, on an affluent of the Missouri, in about N. lat. 41°; the Delawares, Shawnees, Kaskaskias, Piankeshaws and Weahs, Oneidas, Tuskaruras and Quapaws, Senecas, Shawnees, Cherokees, Creeks, Seminoles, Choctaws, and Chickasaws, in about N. lat. 32°. - In 1853 the Com missioner of Indian Affairs estimated the total number of Indians in the United States at 400,764, of whom 271,930 were in California, Oregon, Texas and New Mexico. At that date the Indians of the old states bad decreased 832 from the number in 1829. [Iximax TERRITORY, in 0E00. Div.] There still remain a great number of tribes, consisting of mall numbers, who chiefly inhabit the same regions. It must be borne In mind also that the population given is only an estimate made at various times, and is almost constantly decreasing. Even the places they inhabit can only be vaguely indicated, as they are constantly trespassing on each other's Founds, which are much intermixed, and the weaker are uniformly dispossessed by the stronger races, and are then forced to seek other grounds where they can more safely remain. The recent extensive emigrations also to the gold regions of California, that of the Mormon and others to Utah, and more lately the passage of many to the English settlement on Fraser's river in Columbia, have created highways through the pease* of the Becky Mountains, lessening the dangers from the predatory habits of the Indians, still more weakening their powers of ofienco, and gradually reducing their numbers.