Following the western arrangement, the next coins are those of Italy and Sicily. I. The Creek seriee is remarkable for its number, the beauty of its art, and the interest of its types. The art is of a softer and more florid character than that of Greece Proper, and there are no coins so old ae those with theme squares of the older Greek style, but instead a remarkable kind having the typo in relief un one side, and ineuse on the other, like bracteata or emboaaings on paper. All these (reek coins are struck in Southern Italy or .Nlagna The oldest coins are of Sybaris, destroyed B.C. MO ; drachms and demi drachms with a bull; of Poeeidonia, subsequently Paestum, D.C. 453 418 with Poseidon ; Croton, founded by Achteane, n.c. 710, with the tripod of Apollo taken by Hercules from Delphi, Hercules and Apollo destroying Python ; of Metapontum, D.O. 700, with the golden sunnier or ear of corn surmounted by a grasshopper, Apollo and Artemis; and of Caulonia with Apollo ; of Laos, with an ox ; and of Termesa with armour. Of the best period of art are the beautiful coins of Thurium, with the helmeted head of Athene, with Scylla and the butting bull, those of Locri with the shade Ajax Oileus, Home and Faith ; of Ithegium with the horse and mules of Anaxilaus, of Vella with the heitned head of Athenc, and a lion ; of the Brottii, with Neptune and Venus of fine art. Still more remarkable are those of Tarentum, with Tares and Phalauthus, and the young Terms running to his father Neptune ; Heraelea its colony, as 443, has the head of the Laciuian Juno and Hercules, Curves, Glaucus, Scylla, Ccrberus alluding to the Sibyl, and crabs; Neapolis and Nola, the head of Parthenope and Dionysus Helton ; Hyria has Minerva and Juno ; Terina the goddess Pandcina or Iris drawing the water of the Styx ; Arpi, Ceres and a horse. Many of the coins show the state of political events, elephants indicating Pyrrhus and Hannibal at Tarentum and Cumw, and the head of Janus, the progress of the Roman power.
11. Coins inscribed in the Languages of the people of Italy. The principal of these are the Oscan coins of Capita, Atella, Teate, and those issued by the confederated chiefs in the time of the Social and Marsie wars, imitating the Roman drnarii in weight and type, but of lunch ruder character and workmanship; one of these has the word Stklinins or Sabinorum in the Oscan dialect.
III. Coins with litnimean inscriptions consisting of one or two gold of authenticity, a few silver, and a large series of the As Grave and its divisions issued by Cortona, VoLeter•ra, Tudor, Iguvium Veetini, liadria, Firm= and Aritninurn, the last with the head of the victorious Gauls.
The other assee have various types for each state and series, but the wheel is a normal type, besides which are other unascertained series of Etni Sean states. • The coins of Sicily are as fine as those of the Peninsula, but none belong to the first period of art with hollow square. The island is remarkably rich in silver coins. The tetradrachms of Agrigentuin have the river, the sea eagle, and the crab ; the tetradrachms and didrachme of Camarina, Hercules, Athene, and the Hipparis; the tetra drachms of Catena have chariots ; those of Ochs the river as a human headed bull, or as a horned youth ; the didrachms of Himcm, the cock sacred to .Eeenlapius, and the river. The tetradrachms of Leontini have
the lion's head, the celebrated corn of its plains and chariots; the drachma of Alcmene, the curved port, and the types of its Samian colonists, a lion and bull, the horses, mules, and chariots of Anaxilaus, as the Mamertini Man; Naxos has beautiful tetradracluns with a couchant Satyr; the tetradrachms of Segesta the Crimisus and the nymph Segesta; the tetradrachms of &Rims, Apollo and Artemis Epicurioi and the Hypos sacrificing. Syracuse has many types, but they principally are chariots, referring to the reputation of Sicilian herpes, to obtain which Alcibiades is said to have projected the unfortunate expedition of the Athenians. The earliest dated coin, the dekadraclim or Dernarateion, n.c. 47'J, has the head of the Arethusa surrounded by dolphins, a biga and the lion of Geho I.; the Later totrwlrachms supposed to be struck under Hionyniun L, n C. 363, have the same head in a leas archaic style, a quadriga with a panoply of at mour, and the word a Ode prizes. The gold pieces are also fine, and the currency of the princes commencing with Agathoeles, and ending with Geld and comprising the queen only known from her name on the Beats of the theatre, is remarkable for the beauty of work and art embellishing their portraits. &sake the Greek coins there are tetradrachms with Carthaginian legends struck in Sicily, and others of finer work attributed to the second Dionysius.
The islands near Sicily have Pheenician deities and legends, and principally copper coins. In the Crimea or Taurie Chersonestis, the normal type is the head of Pantioapasuni. Istrus, the Medusa's head reflected. In Thrace the didrachms of Abdera have the gryphon ; those of ACUOA of remarkable heanty, the head of Bermes and the wine-press. Byzantium, which is said to have issued iron money, has the bull, and the head of its founder, Byzas. Maronea, has a series of fine tetradrachms with the horse of Poseidon and the vine of Dionysos, alluding to its wines. 'Pluusos has triobols with the head of Dionysos, and an amphora. The regal series is rich in didrachms of Seuthes I., with a horseman and remarkable inscriptions, and with the popper of Seuthes 111. A beautiful suite of coins is those of Lysi machue, whose etatera imitate Alexanders, and whose tetmdraehms struck all in Asia and Europe, like the series of Alexander, as st Ephesus, lfothymna, Tomi, and Byzantium, have on one aide the head of Alexander with the ram's horn, as eon of Ammon, and on the other Pallas Athene Nicephoros seated. At Chalcedon, iu Ilithynin, the tetradrachms give the veiled head of his consort Arsiniie. There is also a remarkable tetmdrachin of Moatis struck by Sadalus in the 47th year of his reign, with a portrait.