Printing

2. English, called by the French and Dutch St. Augustin (from which it is supposed to have been first used for printing the works of that author), and by the Germans Mind, as the middle of the seven sizes above alluded to, is used for printing Bibles and other works in folio and quarto. There are about 64 m's to a foot.

3. Pica. This type is much used for printing the text of standard library works, and is generally referred to by printers as a standard for the measurement of work. Leads, brass rules for printing linos, braces, or quotations, itc., are always made to so many Pica m's, whether used with this type or not. In France and Germany it bears the name of Cicero, apparently from having been originally used in printing his Epistles. 71 Pica m's go to a foot.

4. Small Pica, called Philosophic in France, and Brerier in Germany, is a typo very extensively used; perhaps more than any other. About 83 m's go to a foot.

5. Long Primer. This neat type, which is much used for printing works in duodecimo, is called Petit Rornain in France, and Corpus in Germany ; the latter name being probably derived from its use in printing the a Corpus Juris : ' 89 of Long Primer go to a foot.

6. Bourgeois appears, by its name, to have come originally from France ; but the French type which comes nearest to it is now called Gaillorde. Hansard states, in tho article Type founding,' in the Eneyelopmdia Britannica,' that the Germans have no typo corresponding with this. It is half tho size of Great Primer, and about 102 go to a foot.

7. Brerier, called in France Petite Tcxte, and in Germany Petit or Jungfer (maiden letter), derives its English name, most pro bably, from its having been first used for printing breviaries, or Boman Catholic church-books. It is employed for printing small works, and for notes to those printed in larger type. About 1121 m's go to a foot. It is a type very much used, and is that employed for the text of the 'English Cyclopmdia.' 8. Minion (French, 3fignonne; German, Colonel) is used principally in newspapers, although sonic Bibles and prayer-books, and pocket editions of other works, arc printed in it. It is half the size of English; and 129 la's go to a foot.

9. Nonpordi (Preach and German Nonpareate). Hansard observes of this beautiful type, that at its introduction It was of course, without a poor In COM printtive illp to the larger types ; and he thinks that It still retains Its character, and that every smaller type la below tho compass that any eye of medium eight in able to rseA without pain. It is employed in the foot-notos occasionally totroduced In this work. Its also Is half Pica ; and 143 m's go to a foot.

kailia a sontewitlit irregular site !introduced by English founders suhseqeently to tbe mailer types gi••• Woo, sad Is employed for packet dictionaries, Bibles, prayer.bookk, Beamed stain that it leas originally a hoopareil with short ascender' and deseeoders, east oo a toutIBT holt t or sometimes a root east on a larger body, to gigs It an open appearance. The body of Baby is about half the of LOOK Primer, and about 113 We go to • loot.

II Prod, called by the Emelt Partriem, sad by lb. Dennis. was lb. sit. eat next to Boswell. It la • bemItel biter fat 'Analog Walston sod le clear to be tra4 tolth faefliir by p.m's. of attoog tight. It la Mao wadi peed for note• to books priala4 is pier I ?pt. r.otia half the tit* al Loos mina l sal &boot 171 ta'a go to • roar.

IL tha...40. -soh W 41.11.• MY. Mpns Si Prows awl I. lb. ••••••?17". I. deb reentry, i. ,.rod, ••••••••• f 5.•• MK. p.101.4 1.1.0y b. W. hr. ttpognytteal •M Iwpro.dnt•Iw ohm..., esieZsd ele 146755.7"...tots no et tie letterYgere :7;01%:: .pea Itomd Dtal./. O.*ode., Sty. trod., 4. • typo ••••••• Ibtalbb M.

1..4 &AU b••••••4. 05,4 DI••••••? 1?••••1•••.g mot 11•••?14 I• kw wt. .44 fib. IA?1•1?104 a Um 1'•41. hr••••., ••••••••94 • ...Ave last •• rig.' tm• et 010., Co.. th• e... IA sypmn Owl the DUNI Wei. the lot I. Z•vey. to gut lhaa••• In, .M /4.. Fry dm ant la llog••••• Of typea larger than those employed for book-work, the first, in an ascending aeries, is called the next is Doulik Pica, which is twice the size of Small Pies. ; above which are Two-line Pica, Toro-line English, Two-line Great Primer, and Two-line Double Pica, each of which is double the size of the common type from which its name is taken. One other type, Canon, has also a diatinetive name ; but all above it are called, according to the number of Pica m's in their height, Fire-line Pica, Six-line Pita, fie. Large letters, such as are used in posting-bills. were formerly cast in Rand-moulds, and hence called sand letters ; but the fourth William Caslon introduced a convenient method of making matrices for such typos, without the use of punches, by cutting the letter completely through a piece of copper or brass front one-eighth to one-fourth of an inch thick, making the apertures wider on one side than on the other ; and then riveting the plate so cut with the faro (or side at which the apertures aro smallest) downwards upon a smooth surface of brass, which forma the face of the letter. They are now initially cut on a soft wood, for the special purrisi required.