At the back of this low plain, between 14° 30' and 13° W. long., lies a more elevated country, constituting a kind of second terrace. Its surface is slightly undulating. The soil of this country, so far as it is known, has a considerable degree of fertility. The inhabitant& cultivate rice, millet, and maize, with cotton, indigo, and several mote and fruittrees. Large herds of cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs are kept, and poultry and bees are extensively reared. Honey and wax are great objects of trade.
The mountain range south of the Gambia begins a little west of 13' W. long. The valleys in this district have a fertile soil, but cul tivation is not much attended to Between the Gambia and -Rio Grande the mountaiu ridges appear to approach 13° W. long., but south of the last-mentioned river they do not pass much to the west of 14' W. long., except that a ridge approaches the river not far from Hader. These mountains, which are called the Tangui and the Badet mountains, are very little known. Their elevation seems to be considerable, but they do not appear to rise above the line of trees. The mountains are mostly bare, their surface consisting of iron-atone, gray ish ashes, andiellow sand ; in some places they exhibit traces of volcanic action. The valley, are covered with large trees. The inhabitants are mostly herdsmen.
The table-land of Foots Jallon consists properly of a plain of con siderable extent, surrounded by higher grounds, and chiefly by lofty mountains. From north to south it extends about SO miles, and perhaps still more from east to west. The surface is diversified by gentle hills. The elevation of this plain eau hardly be less than 2000 feet above the sea. In the mountains inclose it on the south, and which appear to be connected with the Kong Mountains, are the sources of the Be Fing, the principal branch of the Senegal, and the waters issuing from them run above a thousand miles before they reach the sea. This river forms many rapids in its course. The greatest part of the plain is converted into a temporary lake at the end of the rainy season, but this is very favourable to the growth of rice, which Is extensively cultivated. Indian corn is also grown, but millet, to the growth of which humidity is not favourable, is seldom seen. Oranges, papaw-trees, and bananas are abundant, and there are many large forest trees. Cattle are numerous. This is the best cul tivated and the most populous part of Senegambia. The inhabitants
derive considerable advantages; from the commercial road through their country, which connects the countries south of the Joliba with Sierra Leone.
Rirers.—Bwides the Senegal and Gambia [GAMBIA COLONY; SENT: GAO which are the largest rivers of Senegambia, the country south of the Gambia is drained by two rivers, which are navigated to a considerable distance from their mouth : these are the Rio Grande and the Nufiez, or Kakoondee. The Rio Grande is stated to originate on the western declivity of a range of mountains, the waters from the eastern elope of which form the most remote branch of the Gambia, near 10° N. lat., 11° W. long. As far as its course lies within the mountain region it is joined by numerous tributaries, among which however the Coombe only is a considerable stream, and its course is rapid. At a distance exceeding a hundred miles from the sea the river divides into several branches. That branch which continues to flow in a western direction is commonly called on our maps Rio Grande, but the native name is Butolah. Its mouth is opposite to Bulama Island, which belongs to the group of the Bissagos, orBijooga Islands. [Brsenos.] That arm which runs northward from the point where the bifurcation takes place is called Jeba River. Having continued in that direction about 50 miles, it turns westward and divides again at the Portuguese settlement of the same name. This branch is navigable for small vessels from Jeba to the sea, and for larger vessels from a point about 5 miles above Bissao. The most northern arm, which is called the Cacheo River, is navigable for small vessels to the settlements of Cachet). The river Nunez, or, as it is called by the natives, Kakoondee, is much inferior in size : its whole course probably does not exceed 250 miles, while the Rio Grande runs more than 400 miles; but it offers a safe navigation to a great distance from the sea. It rises in that chain of hills which separates Sene gambia from Sierra Leone near 13° IV. long. In the upper part of its course it is full of rapids and falls. It becomes navigable for vessels of moderate size above the settlement of Debucko, or Rebucko, and up to this place the tide ascends. The river has three channels at its mouth, two of which are navigated by vessels. They are separated from one another by an island called Sandy Island.