Slide
Slide (or Sliding) Rule. The Sliding-nde Is An Instrument For The Mechanical Performance Of Addition And Subtraction, Which Is Converted Into An Unent For The Mechanical Performance Of Plication And Division By The Use Of Logarithmic) Scales, Instead Of Scales Of Equal Para. This Instrument Has Been Greatly Undervalued In ...
Sligo
Sligo, Ireland, The Chief Town Of The County Of Sligo, A Market And Seaport Town, A Parliamentary Borongh, And The Seat Of N Poor Law Union, Is Situated Near The Mouth Of The River Garvogue Or Oarrogue, In 54* 22' N. Int., 8' 22' W. Long., Distant 131 Miles N.w. ...
Sligo
Sligo, A Maritime County In The Province Of Conurtught, Ireland, Is Bounded N. By The Atlantic Ocean And Donegal Bay ; E. By The Counties Of Leitrim And Roscommon ; S. By Roscommon And Mayo ; And W. By Mayo. It Lies Between 53° 63' And 64' 26' N Lat., ...
Sling
Sling, An Instrument With Which Stones Or Other Missiles May Be Thrown To A Great Distance. In Its Simplest Form The Sling Consists Of A Thong Of Leather, Or A Piece Of Cord Or Some Woven Fabric, Both Ends Of Which Are Held In The Hand Of The Slinger. The ...
Slip
Slip, Earthwork. When In An Embankment, Or Cutting, The Materials Move Laterally In Consequence Of Some Dynamical Action, They Are Said To Slip, And They Do So Occasionally Under Circumstances Which Can Only Be Overcome With Great Difficulty, And At Great Expense. Slips Occur Either When Heavy Loads Are Placed ...
Slr Thomas Dick Lauder
Lauder, Slr Thomas Dick, Baronet, Was Born In 1784. He Was The Seventh Baronet, And Was The Only Eon Of Sir Andrew Lauder, The Sixth Baronet. He Sncceeded His Father In The Baronetcy In 1830. He Became A Contributor To 'blackwood's Magazine' At Its Commence Ment, And Furnished Numerous Articles ...
Sluices
Sluices. A Contrivance Used In Hydraulic Engineering For The Purpose Of Closing, Or Regulating The Passage Of Water From One Level To Another, Is Properly Speaking Called A Sluice, Although Occa When The Door Itself Is Upon Binges, Or Is Made To Work By Machinery, The Closing Door Is Called ...
Sm Alt
Sm Alt. A Silicate Of Potash Coloured By Means Of Oxide Of Cobalt In•variots Shades Of Blue, Which Being Reduced To Powder Is Used In Paiuting And Varnishing -porcelain And Earthenware, For Imparting A Bluo Colour To Glass, And In Various Other Applications In The Useful Arts. The Manufacture, Which ...
Small Pdx
Small-pdx ( Varie/a). It Is A Subject Of Dispute Whether This Disease Was Known To The Ancients, Or Whether It Has Originated At A Comparatively Recent Date. Those Who Contend For Its Antiquity Refer Us To The Account Of The Plague Of Athens By Thucydides (ii. 46, &c.) Which, They ...
Smoke Smoke Revelation
Smoke; Smoke Revelation. Smoke Is The Vapour Arising From Substances In A State Of Combustion. In Its More Extended Sense The Word Is Applied To All The Volatile Products Of Combustion, Which Consist Of Gaseous Exhalations Charged With Minute Portions Of Carbon Aceous Matter Or Soot ; But The Term ...
Smolensk
Smolensk. A Government Of European Russia, Is Situated Between 53° 12' And 56° 30'n. Lat., 30° 20' And 35° 20' E. Long., And Is Bounded N. By The Governments Of Pskov And Twer; E. By Those Of Moscow, Keine, And Orel ; S. By Czeruigov ; And W. By Mohilev ...
Smuggling
Smuggling Is The Clandestine Introduction Of Prohibited Goods, Or The Illicit Introduction Of Goods By The Evasion Of The Legal Duties. Excessive Duties Present An Overwhelming Temptation To Men To Evade Them ; And The Law Loses A Great Part Of Its Moral Influence When It First Tempts To Violation ...
Snow
Snow. It Has Been Stated [rain, Vol. Vi. Col. 923] That Rain, Snow, And Hail Are Formed By The Precipitation Of Vapour When Two Volumes Of Air Of Different Temperatures, And Saturated With Moisture, Become Mixed Together ; The Nature Of The Precipitation Depending On The Resultant Temperature And On ...
So Lan Um Delcamara
So Lan Um Delcama'ra, An Indigenous Perennial Climbing Plant, Common In Wet And Shady Places, Especially Hedges. It Has A Remark Ably Zigzag Stem, With Alternate Leaves, The Lower Ones Lanceolate, Enure, The Upper Hastate; The Flowers Resemble Those Of The Potato, But Are And Are Succeeded By A Cluster ...
Soame Jen Yns
Jen Yns, Soame, Born 1704, Died 1787, Enjoyed A Considerable Reputation In His Lifetime From The Happy Accident Of Uniting Good Birth And Fortune With A Creditable Share Of Literary Accomplishment And 'success. His Family Property Was At Bottisham, Near Cambridge; Ho Was Educated At St. John's College ; Elected ...
Soap
Soap, Medical Uses Of. In Pharmacy And Medicine The Term Soap Is Applied To Combinations Not Only Of Oily And Fatty Matters With, The Alkalies Soda Or Potash, But Also With The Volatile Alkali (ammonia), Lime (an Alkaline Earth), And Metallic Oxides, Especially Oxide Of Lead ; Like Wise To ...
Soap Manufacture
Soap Manufacture. Soap Originally Meant The Compounds Derived From The Union Between Fatty Bodies And The Alkalies Potash And Soda. Although The Name Is Still Usually Thus Limited In Its Mean Ing, It Has Nevertheless Been Extended To Compounds Of Oleaginous Bodies With Some Earthy And Metallic Bodies, Having But ...
Soap Test
Soap-test. A Solution Of White Curd Soap In Proof Spirit; It Is Used In Ascertaining The Amount Of Hardness Of Waters. The Action Of Hard Water Upon Soap Has Already Been Alluded To. [cm.crum, Carbonate Of Lime.) By Using A Solution Of Soap Of Known Strength, And Adding It To ...
Society Islands
Society Islands, The Name Given By Captain Cook In Honour Of The Royal Society Of London, To A Cluster Of Islands In The South Pacific Ocean. They Consist Of Two Groups Of Islands, About 70 Miles Apart., Of Which The Most Easterly Group, Including Tahiti Or Otabeite, Is Called The ...
Socotra
So'cotra, Is An Island In The Indian Ocean, Situated About 300 Miles From Cape Guardafui, The Moat Eastern Poiut Of Africa. It Lies Between 12° 16' And 12° 45' N. Lat., 53° 25' And 57° 34' E. Ong., And Extends About 70 Miles From West To East, With An Average ...
Sod Georoe Czartoryski
Georoe Czartoryski, Sod Of Prince Adam Cassimir, And Perhaps The Most Eminent Of The Family, Was Born At Warsaw On The 14th Of January 1770. Having Received A Careful Education, For The Completion Of Which He Visited France And Eogland, He Was Intro Duced Into The Public! Service ; And ...
Sodium
Sodium, Medical Properties Of The Preparations Of Sodium, When In The State Of An Oxide, Is Termed The Mineral Alkali, In Contradistinc Tion To Potash, Or The Vegetable Alkali. Sodium Possesses The Ordinary Qualities Of A Fixed Alkali, But Not Withstanding The Resemblance It Has To Potash, The Preparations, Even ...
Sodium
Sodium. (na,natrium.) Tho Original Name Of Natriurn For This Metal Is Derived From That Of Natron, Nitron, Or Trona, Old Names Of Certain Natural Deposits Of Carbonate Of Soda Which Were Long Con Founded With The True Nitron Or Nitre (nitrate Of Potash). The Term Sodium Originates From Soda Or ...
Sofala
Sofa'la Ia A Country On The East Coast Of Africa, Extending From Cape Corrientes (25° S. Lat.) To The Vicinity Of The River Luabo, The Most Southern Arm Of The Zambesi (19 S. Lat.). This Country, Together With The Province Of Senna [sessta], Was Formerly Known By The Name Of ...
Soil
Soil. Wherever The Surface Of The Earth Is Not Covered With Water, Or Is Not Naked Rock, There Is A Layer Of Earth, More Or Less Mixed With The Remains Of Animal And Vegetable Substances, In A State Of Decom Position, Which Is Commonly Called The Soil. The Nature And ...
Soiling
Soiling Is The Name Given In Agriculture To The Mode Of Feeding Horses And Cattle In The Stable Or Yards With Food Brought To Them As It Is Cut In The Meadows Or Fields. The Great Advantage Of Soiling Cattle Is The Increase Of Manuro Of The Best Quality, Which ...
Soissons
Soissons, An Episcopal Town In France, Capital Of The Second Arrondissement In The Department Of Aisne, Is Prettily Situated On The Left Bank Of Tho River Aisne, Co Miles N.e. From Paris, On The High Road From Paris To Brussels, In 49' 22' 53" N. Lat., 3' 19'40" E. Long., ...
Solar Eclipse
Solar Eclipse. The Phenomena Of An Eclipse Of The Sun Resemble Those Of The Moon In One Respect Only, Namely, That The Body Of The Luminary Disappears. In All Other Respects There Is So Great A Difference, Both In The Cause Of The Phenomenon And Its Attendant Circumstances, That It ...
Solar System
Solar System. We Have Given The Elements Of The Planetary Motions Minutely In The Several Articles Mercur Y, Venus, &c., Together With Such Physical Peculiarities As Belong To Them Severally, And Inde Pendently Of The System ; The General Phenomena Of Their Motions Have Been Deduced From The Great Principle ...
Soldering
Soldering Is The Process Of Uniting The Surfaces Of Metals, By The Intervention Of A More Fusible Metal, Which, Being Melted Upon Each Surface, Serves, Partly By Chemical Attraction, And Partly By Cohesive Force, To Bind Them Together. In The Ordinary Soldering, The Alloy Used As A Solder Must Be ...
Soldier
Soldier Is A Term Applied Now To Every Man Employed In The Military Service Of A Prince Or State, But It Was At First Given To Such Persons Only As Were Expressly Engaged, For Pay, To Follow Sonic Chief In His Warlike Expeditions. Caesar Mentions A Band Of 600 Men ...
Solomons Temple
Temple, Solomon's. For 447 Years After The Hebrews Had Entered The Land Of Canaan They Continued To Worship At The Tabernacle Which Had Been Framed For Their Use In The Wilderness. 1tanensactaj The Incongruity Of A Settled People Having Only A Tent For The Celebra Tion Of Their Splendid Ritual ...
Solution
Solution. When The Force Of Adhesion Is Exerted Between A Solid And A Liquid With Sufficient Energy To Overcome The Cohesion Of The Former, The Substance Is Said To Be Soluble, Or To Undergo Solution, Or To Be Dissolved. The Solution Of Sugar In Water, Of Resin In Spirits Of ...
Solution_2
Solution. (mathematics.) By The Solution Of A Problem Should Be Meant The Method Of Finding That Which The Problem Requires To Be Found : But The Word Is Frequently Understood To Apply To The Answer A Solution Is Given When The Problem Is Reduced To Any Other Which Was Supposed ...
Somersetshire
Somersetshire, A County In The West Of England, Is Bounded N. By The Bristol Clutnnel, The Meatuary Of The Severn, And Gloucester Shire; E. By Wiltshire; S. By Dureetshire And Devonshire; And W. By Devonshire. It Lies Between 50' 49' And 51' 30' N. Hits, 2° 14' And 3 50' ...
Somme
Somme, A Department In France, Is Bounded N. By That Of Pas-de Calais, E. By Nord Aud Aisne, S. By Oise, And W. By The New Depart Ment Of Seine.marititne And The English Channel. Its Greatest Length, From The Neighbourhood Of Ham To The Mouth Of The Seine, Is About ...
Somnambulism
Somnambulism, A Word Of Modern Origin, Which Means Strictly And Etymologically Sleepwalking; It Is However Generally Used In A More Extended Signification To Comprehend All The Phenomena That Take Place When A Person, Apparently Insensible To External Objects, Acts As If He Were In A State Of Consciousness : And ...
Song
, Song, A Term Applied To Either A Short Poetical Or Musical . Position, But Most Frequently To The Two In Union. As Denoting A Musical Composition, Song Is Used, In This Country, To Signify A Vocal Melody Of Any Length Or Character, And Not Confined To A Single Movement; ...
Songaria
Songa'ria Is The Name Of A Country In Asia, Which Constitutes The North-western Portion Of Tho Chinese Empire. The Name Is Derived From The Songares, One Of The Great Divisions Of The Kalmucks, Or Oloth, Who Had Taken Possession Of This Country, And Erected A Powerful Empire, Which Was Destroyed ...
Sonnet
Sonnet (italian, Sonata, &melte), A Form Of Poetry Much Used By The Italian And Spanish Poets, But Which Our Deficiency Of Rhymes Has Caused To Be More Sparingly Used In English. The Sonnet Properly Consists Of Two Quatrains, Having Properly But Two Rhymes, And Two Tercets. The Last Six Lines ...
Soolimana
Soolimana, A Country Situated Among The Sources Of The Rivers Which Enter The Sea At And Immediately To The North Of Sierra Leone. This Territory Extends Between 9° 20' And 10° 23' W. Long., And Mostly South Of 10' N. Lat., Being About 60 Miles In Breadth From North To ...
Sooloo Archipelago
Sooloo Archipelago Is Situated In The Indian Ocean, Between The Philippines And The Island Of Borneo. It Consists Of Two Chaineof Islands, Which Lie Nearly Parallel, And, Together With Borneo And The Philippines, Inclose A Portion Of The Ocean Which Is Usually Called The Sooloo Sea, Sometimes The Mindoro Sea, ...
Soot
Soot Is That Portion Of Fuel Which Escapes Combustion, And Which Is Mechanically Carried Up And Deposited Partly In Chimneys And Partly In The Air. The Soot Of Coal And That Of Wood Differ Very Materially In Their Composition ; The Former Indeed Does Not Appear To Have Been Accurately ...
Sophia
Sophia, A City In Bulgaria In European Turkey, Situated On The Route From Constantinople To Belgrade, About Midway Between Nissa And Philippopoli, Near The Point Indicated By 42° 37' N: Let., 22° 27' K Long., In A Wide Plain Bounded By High Ramifications Of The Balkan, And Traversed By The ...
Sophia And Harriet Lee
Lee, Sophia And Harriet, Were The Daughters Of John Lee, A Performer At Covent Garden Theatre In The Last Century. Harriet Was Born In 1756; Sophia Was A Few Years Her Senior. Soon After Their Father's Death They Opened A School At Bath. In This Under Taking They Acquired A ...
Sophie Restaiid Cottin
Cotti'n, Sophie Restaiid, Born In 1773, Was Brought Up At Bordeaux By Her Mother, Who Was An Accomplished And Well-informed Woinao. At The Age Of Seventeen Oho Married Mr. Cottin, A Wealthy Parisian Banker, With Whom She Resided Iu The Capital. Three Years After, She Lost Her Husband, Which Circumstance, ...
Sophists
Sophists. The Race Of Sophists Took Its Rise In Athens About The 5th Century N.c., When Athens Was A Real Democracy. From The Neces Sity Every Man Was Under Of Pleading His,own Cause Before The Dicastery, In Any Case Before The Court, Whether As Plaintiff Or Defendant ; From The ...
Sothiac Period
Sothiac Period. The Ancient Egyptian Year Consisted Only Of 365 Days, Without Any Intercalation ; And Was Divided Into 12 Months Of 30 Days Each, With 5 Days Added At The End. (i Ferodotus, Ii. 4.) The Scholiast On /tsetss Informs Us That The Priests Were Sworn Never To Alter ...
South Australia
South Australia Is A British Colony, Established On The Southern Shores Of Australia, And Extending Between 132° And 141° E. Long., From The Coast, To The Parallel Of 26° S.lat., Which Constitutes Its Northern Boundary. It Is Bounded E. By The Colonies Of New South Wales And Victoria, Or Port ...
South Kensington Museum
South Kensington Museum. The Formation Of A National Museum Of Ornamental Art Was Commenced On A Very Small Scale In 1838. Originally Intended Merely As An Adjunct To The Central School Of Design, Its Progress Was Comparatively Slow. By The Great Exhibi Tion Of 1851, However, Not Only Was Attention ...