TURKISH CHRONOLOGY. The Turks, like all the other 310 hannuedans, have adopted the tern of the llijra, which begins with the 16th of July, A.D. 622. [..EnA.] The year of the Hijra contains 12 months of alternately 30 and 29 days, or, more exactly, 354 days 8 hours, and 49 minutes ; and 32 of our (solar) years are equal to 33 Moleunmetlan (lunar) years, 6 days, 8 Lours, and 16 minutes. On thew facts is founded the following easy rule for funliog the Christian your which corresponds to any given Mohammedan year :— The number of centuries contained in the given Mohammedan year is multiplied by 3 ; to the product are added as many units as the period of 33 years is contained in the number of those years which are in the given llohiumnedan year besides the centuries; the sum thus obtained is deducted from the given year ; and to the rest is added 621, or the number of full Christian years before the beginning of the llijra : the sum thus obtained corresponds to the Christian 3.ear.
Example : What year of Christ corresponds to the Moluunmedan year 1186 (peace of Kuehuk Iiiinarj1) We have seen above that the Mohammedan year corresponding to the Christian year 1774 was 1188 ; but the result is correct notwith. standing the different results in the two cases; for the beginning of A.D. 1774 falls in the latter part. of A.lt. 1187, and the beginning of AM. 1188 and the greater part of this year falls in A.D. 1774. 1 hus
the latter rule is only the complement of the first, and by employing both the reader will always know whether a given 31obanunecian year falls entirely in one Christian year, or whether it falls in part of one and in part of another Christian year ; and he will know the same for a Christian year with regard to a Mohammedan year. If this bi true, the consequence will be that if a :Mohammedan year falls entirely in the course of one Christian year, there will be no difference in the result obtained by employing successively both the rules. This is in fact the case, as may be seen by the following example : Tire year A.U. 522 begins on the 5th of January, A.D. 1128, and ends on the 24th of December of the same year 1129.
from which we may conclude that the year 522 AM. falls entirely in the course of the year 1128 A.D. To make this more intelligible, wo observe that the Mohammedan year being composed of lunar or move able months, its beginning is likewise moveable, and in the course of 33 years it goes successively through all the twelve months of our year. The above-mentioned two rules will be good till A.n. 14u1 (A.D. 19S0). The determining of the corresponding days of the two eras presents considerable difficulties, and cannot conveniently be given here.