WASHINGTON, a territory of the United States of North America, lies between 45' 25' and 49' N. lat., 110' 30' and 124' W. long. It is bounded F. by the Rocky Mountains, which separate it from the territory of Nebraska ; N. by the parallel of 49' N. lat., which separates it from Britith North America; W. by the Pacific Ocean ; and S. by the territory of Oregon. The area is estimated by the United States authorities at 123,022 square miles. At the Census of ISSO Washington formed a part of the territory of Oregon, which contained 13,291 inhabitants: the country separated from Oregou, iu order to form the territory of Washington, then contained less than 2090 inhabitants, exclneive of the native Indians, who probably number about 7000 or 3000.
In its general character Washington has a marked resemblance to °limos. The eurface is greatly broken, it being traversed from south to north by three parallel ranges of mountains, the northern prolonga tion of the Oregon ranges, while the Rocky Mountains, as in that territory, form its eastern boundary. The coast from the mouth of
the Columbia to the entrance of Gray's Harbour, or, as it was named by Vancouver, Whidbey'a Bay, a distance of 45 miles, is rocky and almost unbroken. The entrance to Gray's Harbour is about 2i miles across, but the harbour itself opens to a width of 5 or 6 miles, and is 12 miles deep. It affords well-sheltered anchorage in some places, but it is everywhere encroached on by eandthanks, and its mouth is obstructed by a bar, which only admits the passage of vessels drawing under 10 feet of water. From Gray's Harbour to Cape Flattery, or Cape Classet, a laity promontory at the southern side of Juan de Fuca Strait, a distance of about SO miles, the coast is high, rocky, and only broken by two or three unimportant streams. The Strait of Juan de Fuca, which forms the northern boundary of the coast of Washington, is a vast arm of the sea, about 10 miles wide at its mouth and 100 miles deep. I