ROSS, or ROSSCARBERY, county Cork, Irelaud, a merket-town and the seat of a diocese, is situated on a rocky muluence at the heacr. of Ross Bay, in 51' 35' N. lat., 8' 59' W. long., distant by road.
39 miles S.W. from Cork, and 197 miles S.W. from Dublin. The population in 1851 was 1044. The cathedral is an old building several. times altered. 1t modern tower, with a stone spire 50 feet high, rises. from the west end. There are a Roman Catholic chapel, a court house, a market-house, some corn-stores, a dispensary, and a bridewell. Many of the inhabitants are employed in weaving. A market is on Wednesday. Fairs are held on September 19th and Decamber 19th. Some remarkable excavations, containing regular apartmeuts, have been at different times laid open in the neighbourhood of the Qf the see of Roar nothing certain is known till after tio:; i?vokion.
le tabs reign of Lliasbeth la was united to the gee of Cork. It now fortes part of the united dioceses of Cork, Cloyns, and Ross. The chapter consist. of • dean, arehdesoon, precentor, chancellor, lor and tmwneer, with five prebendaries. The diocese contains 23 benefices. The cathedral church and bishop's' residence are In Cork city.
it and CROMARTY SHIRES, two counties iu the north of Sootland, so intimately connected politically and geographically, that it h woceessry to treat of them together. Roes comprehends a large eras On the mainland, and Includes the island of LOWLI. [1:11:11RIDPS) Cromarty is composed of • number of detached portion; either interspersed amonf the inland parts of Ross or Vine along Its border. Rees b bounded N. by Sutherland, E. by the Is orth Sea, S. and &E. by Ineemeasathire, and W. by the Western Ocean ; it. lies between 37' 8'and air N. lat., 3* 55' and 4' 52' W. long. The two connties Include !several small islands, the Summer Islands, Marta, Clearsch, Longa, the Croulin Islands, &c., off the western coast. Lewis is to the north-west of the mainland part of the county : the distance to Its nearest point across the Minch is about 25 miles. Lewis
is 32 miles long from north to south, from the northern promontory, VAlled the Butt of the Lewis. to the border of Barrie; aud 31 miles broad from east to west: its coast-line is very irregular. The islands of Benson and Scarps lie close to Lewis on the western aide The Shiaut Isle. are a group of small islands or rocks between Lewis and the Main, but much nearer Lewis. Tho southern portion of Lewis, called Harris, belongs to Inverness-shire. The area of the united counties is 3151 square miles, or 2,016,375 statute acres. The two counties unite in returning one member to Parliament They form one sheriffdom. The population of tho united counties in 1841 was 7+,655; In 1851 it was 82,707.
Surface, Coaat-Liae, and Ialands.—A general description of the district, of which Ross and Cromarty form a part, is given uuder GRIAT Beaus : 'Scotland, north and west of Glenmore.' It is sufficient here to notice that, except the two peninsulas formed by the three friths Dornoch, Cromarty, and Moray, and the parts imme diately adjacent to them, it consists of mountains irregularly grouped, with deep intervening glens or ravines. Ben Wyvis is 3720 feet above the level of the sea; has Cluch, near Little Loch Broom, 3600 feet; Ben Dersg, one of the Ben More Hills, near the bead of Loch Broom, 3551 feet ; Btu Lair, tear Loch Mares, 3000 feet; Ben Attow, on the border of Rose thin and Inverness-shire, is said to be nearly 4000 feet. Dornoch Frith is abort 10 miles across at its entrance between Tarbet Nees and Brow. Moray Frith has been already described. [Monav Farm] The principal inlets on the western or Atlantic coast are, Loch Enard, at the north-wiet extremity of the two counties ; Loch Broom, Little Loch Broom, Loch Creinord, Loch Ewe, Loch Gairloch, Loch Torridon, Loch Carron, with Loch Kishorn, which is a branch of it ; and Loch ALM, with its branches, Loch Ling and Loch Duich. Loch Broom and Loch Carron extend about 15 miles inland, but are both narrow. Loch Greinord is about 4 miles across at the mouth.