TREATMENT OF SPECIAL PARTS Rupture of Varicose Veins.—Ele vate the limb, loosen garters, and ap ply bandage below the wound and also over it. Blood clots help to stop the bleeding and should not be re moved.
Bleeding of Hand, Wrist, or Arm. —Elevate the arm. In arterial bleed ing, make pressure on the inner side of the arm, midway between the el bow and the armpit.
Forearm.—Raise the forearm above the head. In addition to the pressure on the wound or above it, place a hard pad, such as a small bottle or stick, in the front of the elbow, then bend the forearm at the elbow and bandage firmly to the upper arm.
Fingers.—Pressure may be made at the wrist by using a rubber band. If a single finger is affected, a band on the finger, close to the hand, will suffice.
Palm of Hand.—A hard, round ob ject, like a billiard ball or a hard apple covered with gauze, grasped tightly in the hand will prove. effect ive in stopping the hemorrhage. The hand can be bound down upon the ball.
Armpit.—Pack the armpit with 0. hard substance, such as a rolled or knotted towel, and then press the arm upon it; or if the latter is severed, bind the material tight to parts by running a bandage about the body or shoulder. Pressure should be made upon the artery which lies back of the collar bone.
Thigh and Legs.—ln bleeding of the lower limb, pressure should be made on the inner side of the thigh near the groin, over the femoral ar tery. This can easily be found. Pres sure can be made by the fingers, elas tic bands, or tourniquet. Remember always that such pressure must not be kept on too long.
Bleeding below the knee can aLso be arrested by placing a stick back of the knee and doubling the leg back upon it tightly, binding it with a bandage.
Elevation of the leg assists in over coming the blood flow in all wounds of the lower leg.
Nosebleed.—Packing the nose with gauze usually is effective in severe cases. If bleeding continues, summon a surgeon.
Internal Bleeding.— Apply iced cloths to abdomen. Have the patient lie quietly. If faint, lower head. If bleeding is from lungs or stomach, give lumps of ice and apply iced cloths to chest or stomach. In ac cidents, bleeding from tongue or cut lips may sometimes deceive one, and it may be thought to come from the lungs or stomach. The mouth should be examined carefully. It seems needless to remind one that in inter nal bleeding a surgeon should be sent for at once.
Bleeding of Neck and Face.— Bleeding of the neck is very danger ous, as it is near the large trunk blood vessels. Pressure with the thumb should be made at the base of the neck, outside the windpipe and near the collar bone. Make the pressure against the spine. For bleeding of the face, pressure can be made un derneath the lower jawbone. A little notch can be found about midway between the chin and back part of the jaw, on its lower portion, through which this artery passes and which supplies the face. Pressure on it shuts off the supply.
Bleeding of the Temple can be readily suppressed by pressure on the temporal artery, which can read ily be seen on the outer side of the forehead.
Scalp.—Blceding of the scalp can easily be stopped, usually by direct pressure upon the bleeding point.
Chest and Abdomen.—All that can be done is to apply direct pressure by means of a large supply of gauze, holding it there with the hand until surgical help comes, or possibly bind ing it on the wound by running the bandage about the body.