Three methods for immunizing animals against anthrax have been devised: inoculation with at tenuated virus, with toxins, and with antitoxic serums. Good results have been obtained by each of these methods. Medical treatment of anthrax is of no avail except in the sub-aeute form in cattle and horses. In such eases the ex ternal tumors may be cauterized and subse quently treated with injections of tincture of iodine. The affected animals should also be given diffusible stimulants by the mouth. In the prevention of anthrax, the main reliance of the stockman is to be placed in vaccination. An thrax vaccine may now be purchased of whole sale druggists, and has proved very efficient in the prevention of the'disease. The most impor tant sanitary measure to be adopted in case of an outbreak of anthrax is the immediate and complete destruction of animal carcases. This is best accomplished by burning. If anthrax carcases are not destroyed, the contagion may be spread in the soil and water, and may also be carried by flies, buzzards, dogs, and other car nivorous animals. The thorough sterilization of
hair, wool, and animal skins by steam, dry heat, or otherwise, will prevent the infection of man from handling these products.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. "Special report on miscellaneBibliography. "Special report on miscellane- ous investigations eoncerniug infectious and par a-sitie diseases of Domesticated Animals," United States Department of Agriculture. Division of Animal Industry, Bulletin III. (Washington, 1S93) ; "'Gebel. (lie physiologischen lledingungen der endogenen Sporenbildungen," in the l'entral Watt fiir Bakteriologie and Parasitenkunde (Jena 1896) ; "An Outbreak of Anthrax in Horses," The leterinm•ian (London, 1891) ; "Anthrax in the Lower Mississippi Valley," Report of the United States Depaltment of Agriculture, Bu reau of Animal Industry (Washington, 1897) ; A. J. Murray and others, "Special Report on Digeases of Cattle and Cattle Feeding," Report of United States Department of Agriculture (Washington, 1892) ; J. Law, The Farmers' Vet erinary Adeiser (Ithaca, 1892).