BIBLIOGRAPHY. The list of writings relating Bibliography. The list of writings relating to the Alps is a very long one, and embraces im portant works in all of the principal languages of Western Europe, French, German, Italian. and English. In fact, no other single region has been so much written about from a geographical point of view. For a detailed knowledge of the Alps, the publications of the various Alpine Clubs offer the richest sources of information. The chief of these clubs are: The English Alpine Club (or ganized in 18'57), publishes The Alpine .Journal (London). Deutseher (1869) and ischer ( 1862) Alpen-Verein (fused. 1874), 1800 members: Zeitschrift des Deutsehen mad Oesterrcichischen Alpen-Vcreins and ilittheilun gen (Vienna) ; Club Alpin Suisse (1863), a nua ire and L'echo des Alprs (Geneva) ; Club Alpino Italian° (1863), Rirista »tensile and BO /et t ino : Per i3sterreiehisehe Touristen - Club (1869). Oesterreieheische Touristen - Zeit ung (Vienna) : Le Club _Mph). Francais (1874), Bul letin mensuel and Annuaire (Paris) ; Der Verein der Naturfreunde (1877) : Per nesterreiehische Alpen-Club (18,78), oesterrrichische _tlpen-Zei-lung (Vienna) ; Le Club Alpin International ft Nice (1879) ; Per Alpen-Club Salzburg (ISSO) : Sannthaler Alpen-Club (1880) : Der Touristen Verein Hermagor (1882) : La Society degli .Alpinisti Triestini (Roveredo). For the best
general description of the combined features of the Alps. consult: F. Vinlauft. The Alps, translated by Louisa Bro ugh (London. 1859) ; T. G. Bonney, The Alpine Regions of Swit zerland and N,lyb bin-ing Countries (London, 1808) J. Tyndall, The Glaciers of the Alps (London. 1S90) ; J. Tyndall, Hours of Exercise in the Alps (London, 1873) ; Rambert, Les Alpes Suisses, 5 volumes (Geneva. 1866-74) Desor. De l'orographic des .11,ms (Neucliritel, 1862) : C. Lentheric, L'homme decant les Alpcs (Paris, 1896) E. Suess, Die Entstchnng der A/pen ( Vienna, 1S75) : Schaubach. Itic dentschcn Al pcn, 5 volumes (Jena. 1865-71) : Studer, Eicher Eis and ,'curie (Berne, 1890) ; Berlepseh, Die Alpen in Nato:- nnd Lebensbildern (Jena, 1885) ; Noe, Thutsches Alpenhuch. 6 volumes (Mogan, 1875-88) ; Sehlagint weit. Untersuchungen fiber die physikalische Geographic and Geologic der .11pen (Leipzig, 1850-54) : Tschudi, Dun Tiede ben der Alpenwelt (Leipzig. 1892) : Grebe, Al penwandrrungcn (Leipzig. 1886) Giissfeldt, In den Hoehalpen (Berlin, 1892) ; Conway, The Alps from End to End ( London, 1895) ; Conway and Coolidge, Climb, is' Guide to the Alps (Lon don, 1890-93), which eontains a bibliography; Whymper, Scrambles A num!, the A ins ( London, 1893) ; Neumayr, Erdgesehichte (Leipzig, 1885 87) ; Suess, Des Antlitz dcr Erde (Prague, 1883 SS ).