ACUTE OF THE KIDNEYS. The causes of this disease are ninny and varied. Con gestion occurs from retained products passed through the kidneys during recovery from inflam mation of other parts, or fevers. Detained urine, and the possible production of ammonia and other irritants, are also frequent causes. The symptoms consist of fever, stiffness of the back, straddling gait, difficulty in lying down, rising, or walking in a circle. The recognized treatment is as follows: Removal of any cause that can be discovered; then, if suffering from high fever. the removal of from two to four quarts of blood, which should be followed as much as possible by throwing the work of the kidneys on the bowels and skin. Catarrh, or Cold in the Head: A fluid discharge from the mucous membrane. Inflam mation, as a rule, extends to the membrane of the sinuses of the bead. and of the larynx and pharynx, causing the added complication of sore throat. Frequently the eyes are also affected. At the first stage of the attack the membrane is dry and irritable, followed by a watery dis charge front the nostrils. Fever, more or less, makes its appearance, which is usually detected by placing a finger in the animal's mouth. In itself the disease is not very serious, but if neglected, or treated wrongly, may become com plicated and dangerous. A few days of cessa tion from work. together with pure air and good food, is regarded as the best treatment. Roaring (q.v.) : A chronic disease, evidenced by a loud, unnatural noise in breathing, and caused by an obstruction to the free passage of the air in sonic part of the respiratory tract. External causes are nasal polypi, thickening of the membrane. the pharyngeal polypi; deformed bones: paralysis of the wing of the nostril; and more than anything else, paralysis of the muscles of the larynx.
Grunting: A horse is usually first tested by veterinarians for grunting, when if the fault is discovered he will be further tested for roaring.
(grunting is a sound emitted during exhalation, when the animal is suddenly moved or struck at.
High Blowing is distinctly a nasal sound. but it must not be confounded with roaring: it is a habit. and does not constitute unsoundness. In the same class should be placed whistling and thick wind. Bronchitis. or Inflammation of the Bronchial Tubes: While the causes of•this disease are of the same order as for other diseases of the respiratory organs. sonic special causes are the inhalation Of irritating gns or smoke, and fluids or solids gaining access to the parts. It is also occasionally associated tt'ith influenza, or fever. and frequently supervenes a common cold or sore throat. The animal appears dull, the appetite is partially or wholly lost, the head hongs, and the cough. at first light, is succeeded by a high rasping cough. prefers to stand with his Lead to a door or window to secure fresh air, and persists in standing. lie has more or less thirst, and frequently the mouth will be found full of saliva. The first step in the treatment of the disease is to secure a pure atmosphere and com fortable quarters a well-ven tilated lox-stall will be found the hest. The body should he covered with a blanket according to the season of the year: the legs should be hand-rubbed until they are warm, then flannel bandages applied to the knees and hocks. If the legs cannot be made warm after hand-rub bing, take any liniment used for sure throat and thoroughly rub in, after which the leg; should be covered with bandages. If will be well to rub the same liniment over the chest, the elbow, and shoulder-blade; and front the elbow !plow. to within about six inches of the ridge of the backbone above. Pleuropnrumonia (q.v.), may attack kith lungs, but as a rule one lung only is affected.