HOLST, HERMANN EDUARD vox (1841-1904). A German-American historian and educator, born at Feint!. in Livonia, of German parentage. He studied at Dorpat from 1860 to 1863, and at Heidelberg from 1863 to 1865, and became a tutor at Saint Petersburg in 1866; but was excluded front the Russian dominions in the fol lowing year for publishing a pamphlet of which the Russian Government disapproved, and emi grated to America. Settling in New York, he taught modern languages for a time in a small private school, made a number of political speeches in the Presidential campaign of 1868, and was an assistant editor of Schem's Deutsch Anterikanisches konversations-Lexikon. He then returned to Germany, was professor of history in the University of Strassburg from 1872 to 1874, and in the University of Freiburg from 1871 to 1892,. visited America in 1378-79 and in 1884, served for a number of years in the Baden Diet, for the last two sessions as vice-president, and in 1892 became head of the department of his tory in the newly founded University of Chi cago. In 1900 ill health compelled his retire ment, and he returned to his home in Freiburg. Von Hoist's works are almost altogether on American topics. His Verfassung and Demo
hratie der Vercinigten Stautcn von Amerika (5 vols., 1873-91 ), English translation by Lalor and The Constitutional and Political History of the United States (8 vols., 1876-92), is best-known work, and contains a remarkably able presentation of the Federalist and anti-slavery view of American political history. Among his other publications are: Des Staatsreeht der Ver ezniyten Stauten. con Amerika (1885), English translation. The Constitutional Law of the United States of America. (1887) ; John C. Cal houn, in the "American Statesmen Series" (1882) ; John Brown (1888) ; and The French Revolution Tested by Mirabeau's Career (1894). Consult Hart, "Hermann von Hoist," in the Polit ical Science Quarterly, vol. v. (New York, 1890).
HOLSTEIN, 1151'stin. Formerly a duchy be longing to Denmark, and at the same time a member of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Germanic Confederation (Map: Prussia. C' 1). It was annexed in ISO to Prussia, and now forms the southern part of the Province of Schleswig-Holstein (q.v.).