HULL, also known as KINGSTON-UPON -HULL. A seaport. Parliamentary and municipal bor ough. and civic county in the East Riding 4.f Yorkshire, England. at the confluence of the Hull with the estuary of the Humber. 20 miles from the North Sea, and miles east-southeast of York by rail (Map: England. F 3). The town stands on a level plain amid uninteresting sur roundings. The modern portion has spacious. regular, and well-paved streets, while the old quarter, which serves as the business section. has narrow crooked lanes. and is very crowded, form ing an irregular peninsula. Among noteworthy public buildings are Trinity Church. founded 1412. a decorated and perpendicular building. one of the finest parish churches in England: the town hall, the new exchange, corn exchange. and market hall; there are statues of William 11I., erected 1734, and of Bishop 1\ ilberforee, who was born at Null. The chief educational estab lishments are the grammar school, founded in 14s6; the Trinity House nautical school, 1716: Cogint's charity school for girls. 1763; the ]lull and East Riding College, the Royal Institution. the literary and philosophical institute, me (hanks' institute. technical school. and school of art. Tlit re are TIIIIIIerMIS charitable •mlott pietas. The municipality property worth S5,000,o00, mIlich exceeds the ratable value of the town. It owns the markets. tram ways. electric lighting, a profitable water-sup ply front spring,. awl nut in ta ins parks, free libraries, public baths and wash-houses, lire bri gade. crematorium. sanitarium, cemeteries, ref ile:( rod or. and disinlector.
Hull is the third port of importance in the kingdom, and has an coasting. fishing. and foreign trade. It has regular communica tion with llussia. Holland, Belgium, Scandinavia. Denmark, the United States, India, and .kustralia, and is the seat of a United States consul. It exports the %mole!' and cotton goods of the midland counties, coal, oil. machinery. and IOW work. and imports eattle. grain, timber, wool. flax. hemp. tallow, pitch, etc. It has capacious docks covering 2On acres; its shipping comprises 235 sailing and 6:32 secant vessels. with
n total of over 228.400 tons, and a fishing kit of 500 boots. An average of 6000 vessels enter. and clear a gross tonnage of 6.160.000 annually. average amnia) value of its exports during the live years ending in 1900 was S100.000.000. and of its imports. S150.000,000. oil-mills, iron ship-building yards. engineering-wo•ks, foundries, rope and sail making,. tanneries. breweries, chem ical and color works. and I he many industries of a largo seaport, afford employment to thousands of workmen.
The town is governed by a mayor. 14 aldermen, 42 councilmen, a recorder. and a sheriff. It sends three members to Parliament. Originally consisting of Myton and \Vyke. two villages. as Myton-Wyke, it developed into an important port shortly after the Conquest. In I295. struck 'with its advantages as a port. Edward 1. pur chased it. renamed it Kingston-upon-Hull. and gave it the charter of a free borough. Its fisheries and trade prospered under the enter prise of its merchant princes. the De la Poles, and in 1339 it supplied Edward Ill, with 16 ships and 466 seamen for his armament against France. In 15S8 it furnished Elizabeth with Loon and s00 men against rho .\rtitatla. It adhered to the Parliamentary eause during the Civil \Vars. and the Oovernor, refusing to admit King Charles. precipitated 11 istilities: it sue resisted two sieges by the Royal ists. In 1534 it was made the seat of a suffragan bishop, and again in I891. After the fifteenth cent its commereial importnaro increased with its imports of fish from Iceland: it was one of the first ports to engage in. and until late in the nineteenth century was the headquarters of the whale fishery. Population, in 180E29.500: in 1551. 200.500 : in 1901. 240.600. The annual death-rate averages 19.0 per 1000. Consult. Symons. 111111inio, or Selret ions front Lupo! history (11u11. 1872) : Sheahan, History of !lull (Beverley. 1864); Freeman, English Towns (London, 1SS3).