HOANG-HO, HWANG-HO, hwiing'hcc', or YELLOW RIVER. Next to the Yang-tse-kiang, the largest river of China. It rises in a marshy plain in the District of Kukwnor, Tibet, west of Lake Charing-nor and only a short distance north of the upper course of the Yang-tse-kiang. Its course is exceptionally tortuous. After flow ing, eastward to near the boundary of Tibet. it its direction first to the northwest and then to the northeast. in which latter direction it flows throuoli the Chinese Province of Kan-su. Leaving the Province of Kan-su, it crosses the Great Wall into clDuigoiia, There it thaws at first northeast and then east as far as the %Nest ern boundary of the l'hinese Province of Shan si, where it turns sharply to the south, and, passing the Great \\ all again, flows the provinces of Shensi and Shansi, forming their boundary line. At about latitude 35° N. it turns sharply east, which direction it maintains as far as the city of in the Province of llo-nan. Prom that point it lions in a north eastern direction until it falls into the Gulf of Pe-clii-hi about latitude :38° N. Its total length is probably over 2500 miles, and its is (stimatcd at 400,000 square miles. The chief tributaries of the lloanglio are the Tao-ho from the south, the Weidio from the west, and the 'a-tung-lio from the north. The lloang-ho is
navigable fur small vessels for it short distance from its mouth and in some parts of its middle course. The course of the river has changed repeatedly, and the present mouth was that of the Ta-tsin until 185:3. Prior to that time the course of the river below was south easterly, and its mouth in the Province of 1:iang-su in about latitude 31° N. The sediment which is transported in large quantities by the Iloang-ho raises its bed, thereby causing inunda tions. These have been so frequent and so dis astrous that the river has come to lie known as 'China's sorrow.' In order to guard against the inundations, a vast system of dams and dikes has been maintained from time immemorial.
HOAR, 116r, EBENEZER ROCKWOOD (1816-95). An American jurist. Ile was born at Concord, Mass., the son of Samuel Hoar, graduated at "Harvard in 1835, and was admitted to the bar. Ile was n judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1849 to 1855, and of the State Supremo Court. from 1859 to 1809. In 1809-70 he was Attorney-General of the United States. lie was a member of the joint High C'ommission that framed the Treaty of Washington in 1871, and was a Republican member of Congress in 1873-75.