HO'DY, I IUMPITREY (1659-1707). A Chureh of England divine. He was born at Odeombe, Somersetshire. January I, 1059; graduated B.A. at Oxford, 1679; became fellow of Wadham Col Von. X.-9.
lege there, and in 1697-98 regius professor of Greek. He died near Bath, January 20, 1707. Ile participated on the Government side in the controversy over the bishops and their followers who refused to accept William and Mary as their legal sovereigns—the so-called Nonjurors; and also in that about the rights and powers of Con vocation, contributing the valuable History of English Councils and Conrorations and of the Clergy's Sitting in. Parliament (London, 1701). But his lasting reputation rests upon his work on the Hebrew text, the Septuagint, and Vulgate version of the Bible, Dc Bibliorum Textibus (1 70 5). His life, written largely by himself, ap pears in Jebb's edition of hi, Dc Gra cis Plus trams (London, 1742).
HOE (from OF. hone, hoe, from 011G. houwa, Ger. /blue, hoc, from OHG. houwan, Ger. hours, AS..laNiwan, Eng. heir). An agricultural imple ment used for stirring the soil. drawing up earth to plants, thinning plants in drills, clearing the ground of weeds. etc. There are two classes of hoes—draw-hoes and thrust-hors. In the former the blade is almost at right angles to the handle; in the latter, almost in the same plane with it. The thrust-hoe, or Dutch hoe, is chiefly used for killing weeds, and for stirring ground to a very slight depth. The draw-hoe is much used in gardening, and is, in sonic countries, very exten sively used in place of the spade in agriculture. It is always employed in the thinning (singling) of turnips. Hoes intended for tilling the ground, instead of the plow and spade, are mueh larger and heavier than those ordinarily used, are raised much higher, and brought down to the ground with greater force, somewhat like the pickaxe. floes for stirring very stiff soils are sometimes made with prongs instead of a blade.
HOE. The name of a family prominently iden tified with the manufacture and improvement of the printing-press in Ameriea.—Romm (1781 1S33) was horn in Leicestershire, England. lie was indented to a joiner, ill 1803 emigrated to the United States. worked for a time at his trade, and subsequently was an associate of his brothers in-law, Peter and Matthew Smith. in the manu facture of a hand printing-press invented by the former. In 1823 he became sole proprietor of the business. A skillful meehanic, lie constructed and introduced the original Hoe press, and was, it is thought. the earliest American machinist to utilize steam as a motive power in his plant.— Almten (1812-86), son of the foregoing. He began the practical study of printing-press manufacture in 1827. and in 1833 became the senior partner of the Hoe firm. Ile devised nu merous ingenious improvement:: in the presses, and also produced a tine quality of steel saw. In 1811 he. in connection with his brothers, Peter Smith sloe and Robert Hoe, took over the entire direction of the blisiness. A rotary press. widely known as `floe's lightning press.' was brought out by him in 1846, and forthwith was very exten sively adopted for newspaper work. (Sec PRINT ixc.) Afterwards he invented the web perfect ing press, which superseded his former invention and prints upon both sides of the sheet, and includes complicated apparatus for cutting and folding. ( See PIZINTINC. ) improve ments were made by him in the output of his works.—Ronnrr (1839-1. a son of Robert Hoe, 2d, succeeded to the headship of the firm, which retains its prei:minence among printing-press makers. Ile was one of the organizers and first president of the (1rtillier Club. the well-known New York organization for the promotion of book•Inaking as an art. Ile edited Alaberley's Print Collector (ISSO). See PaiNTiNu.