INNSBRUCK, ins'bri in English often written INNSPRUCK. The capital and the most picturesque town of the Austrian Crownland of Tyrol, situated in the Alps. at an elevation of nearly 1906 feet, on both banks of the Inn, in a region abounding in beautiful views (Slap: Austria, P. 3). It lies in a broad valley, surrounded by high mountains, and has, despite its high location, a very moderate climate, the annual temperature averaging 47° F. The streets are spacious and the build ings attractive. Innsbruck comprises the old town on the right hank of the Inn and the two suburbs of Mariahilf and Sankt Nikolaus, con meted with the old town by three iron bridges Innsbruck is found the oldest, Captiehin Dion a,tery in Austria. it was begun in 1595. The Franciscan or Court church is interesting. it contains a magnificent monument to Maximilian 1., consisting of a bronze statue of the Emperor on a marble sixteenth-century sarcophagus, sur rounded by twenty-eight bronze statues of his ancestors and contemporaries. The sides of the sarcophagus are adorned with line marble reliefs representing the principal events of the Em peror's life. The church possesses also a silver statue of the Virgin. and several Monanients to Tyrolese patriots. The Jesuit Church, which is a seventeenth-century edifice in baroque style, not completed until 1902, surmounted by a dome of nearly 200 feet. and the parish church, with an altar-piece by Cranach, are worthy of mention.
The secular structures of Innsbruck are also in teresting. The chief among them are a fifteenth century palace, with a rich marble balcony. in late Gothic style, covered with a roof of gilded copper known as the Goldne Dachl: the Imperial palace, a rococo building of the eighteenth cen tury, containing a spacious hall ornamented with splendid frescoes: the Ott ohurg, dating from the thirteenth century; the municipal theatre; the l'erdinandeum or Tyrolese National Museum, with a facade adorned with busts of eminent Tyrolese citizens; the new orphanage; the Tri umphal gate, erected in 1765, in honor of the reigning family; and the municipal buildings, possessing a collection of paintings. and graced
by the Leopoldsbrunnen in front of it. Innsbnick has a monument to Walther von der Vogelwcide. First among the educational institutions is the university. It was founded in D377 by Leo pold I. it has four faculties—juirisprudenec, philosophy, theology, and medicine. There are 94 instructors and nearly 1000 students, 300 being theological. The library contains 100.000 volumes. The university possesses valuable Tyro lese archives. Other prominent educational in stitutions are the national gymnasium. founded in 1562, the municipal Oberrealschule. the com mercial :leadenly, and the military school. The Ferdinandeum contains. among its interesting collections, a picture gallery, and a library of about 40.000 volumes, including the works of all the Tyrolese authors. There are important hos pitals. The chief industries are cotton and wool spinning, glass-painting and the manufacture of mosaics. There is a chamber of commerce. Inns bruek is the seat of the Governor and of the Court of Appeals for Tyrol and Vorarlberg. Among the interesting features in the environs are the his toric and h."autiful (sell Mountain. with Natter's bronze statue to Irofer, amid the famous inedimval Anihras Castle, with a famous collection of weapons. Population, in 1S90. 23,320; in 1900. 27.1156. chiefly German Catholics. In ancient times the name of Innsbruck was (Eni Pans or (Enipo»tnnl, The town received munieipal priv ileges from Otho 1.. fluke of Meran. in 1234. From 1363. the year of the annexation of Tyrol to Austria, until 1663, Innsbruck was for the most part the residence of the Tyrolese rulers of the House of llapsburg.