IPHIC'RATES (Lat.. from Gk. 'IOociatrns, 1phikrat(s). An Athenian general of the first half of the fourth century Il.c. lit was of humble parentage. At an early age he began his military eareer in the 'weaned Corinthian War, Ile was ill 1.01111111111d of the .1 thenian troop. at LeeInemn, near Corinth, in Irv. 3:13, where the Spartans VietOri011, over till' allies. Immediately after he proceeded to introduce important changes in the armor and diseipline of his troops. With a band of the light-armed troops, called pthloNts, he unexpectedly fell upon and destroyed or put to rout a Lacedommnian six hundred strong. near Corinth. In ire. 389 he was sent to 'Thrace to combat Anaxibius. By a well-planned ;Wiwi: he inflicted a crushing defeat upon the Eacedamionian commander. After the Peace of Antalcidas (n.e. 387) 1phierates remained in 'Hinter% employing his peltasts in the service, first of King Seuthes. and then .4 King Cotys. In 378 lie was sent, at the request Qf Phartm ba•us, to assist Artaxerxes II. in reconquering
Egypt, but the undertaking was a failure. In mt.. 373 he was appointed joint admiral with two others to go to the relief of Corcyra. in which he was successful. In tau, :nin he 1\ sent to the neighborhood of Corinth to assist the Spar tans against the Thebans. and later in the same 3car lie commanded a small squadron on the coast of Maeellonia. lie remained in this neighborhood three years. and was instrumental in retaining the family of Amyntas on the throne of Maee olonia. Ile later held a 1'01111118ml in the Social War. but was arraigned, on a charge preferred by ('hares, his colleague, for neglect of duty traitorous conduct in the battle at the Ilellespont. Ile was acquitted. though his colleague Tinto theus, who was arraigned at the same time and on the same eharge, was tined 100 talents. 1phie rates died in Thrace, in it.e. 353.