ISCHL, ish"l. A celebrated \ vatering-plaee, in the Crownland of Upper Austria, picturesquely situated in the centre of the Salzkammergut. over 1500 feet above the sea-level. on a pen insula formed by the rivers Traun and !sell], 28 miles east-southeast of Salzburg (Map: Austria, C 3). It has a fine parish church. a Kurhaus. a theatre. and a lumber of line villas, including an imperial villa. Tin-re are salt and sulphur springs, mud. pine-needle. vapor, and other baths, and a hydropathic establishment. Ischl is the summer residence of the imperial family, and is well patronized by the Austrian nobility is well as by foreigners. the annual number of guest, he Mg about 25.non• In the vieinity are extensive salt•works, from which the brine is conducted to Isehl and there evaporated. Population of the commune. in 1900. 9646.
(•'sft. One of the central provinces of Ja pan. bordering on Owari Bay. and adjoining Yamato nn the west. It is included in the Pre fecture of Any°. and contains several busy towns, the chief of which are Tsui. 25,000 inhabitants; Yamada, 23.000; and Kuwana. 20.131. Near
Yamada are the celebrated Shinto shrines, called by the .Japanese Rio•dai-jin-gu, 'Two-great divine-temples,' which rank first among all the shrines of Japan in point of sanctity, but not in point of antiquity. These shrines are annu ally visited by tens of thousands of pilgrims, who return with charms (consisting of chips of the wood). to In• placed in the little shrine which stands on the Komi-dam,. or 'god-shelf,' found in every Japanese house. Every six months there is a great festival, which is supposed to (.fri.ut the purification of the whole nation from the sins of the preceding six months. and the possessor of a fragment of the cedar wand, used in these festivals is protected from misfortune for the next six months. For a full account of the buildings, their arrangements, ceremonies, and the gods hi re honored, see the paper by Sir Ernest Satow in vol. ii. of the Transactions of the .isiotie Society of Japan (Yokohama, 1874).