THE PYGMY Or LIBERIAN HIPPOPOTAMUS. COD cerning this small species not much is known. It appears to be restricted to the Guinea coast, and to be much less aquatic than its large rela tive. It wanders and seeks its food in swampy woods, after the manner of a pig, but never gathers in herds. It is about feet long, D• feet tall, and weighs about 400 pounds. In color it is bluish black along the back, paling gradually to greenish white on the ventral parts. The fact that it has only one pair of incisor teeth, instead of two, in the lower jaw, led Leidy to classify it in a separate genus (Clueropsis).
Fossils. Remains of the hippopotamus have been found in the Pliocene and Pleistocene depos its of India, Burma, Algeria, and Europe. Hippo potami roamed in herds over England not very long before the period of the earliest human occu pation, and the remains of individuals of all sizes have been found in the gravels near Cambridge.
Remains of dwarf species, associated with those of dwarf elephants, are found in the cave and fissure deposits of the islands of Sicily and Malta. No remains of fossil hippopotami have yet been found in America.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. Consult general works, espeBibliography. Consult general works, espe- cially Wright, Standard Natural History, vol. v. (Boston, 1885) ; Oakley and in Cassell's Natural History, vol. ii. (New York, 1884 ) . Consult also the writings of African ex plorers and sportsmen, especially the earlier ones, as Livingstone, Gordon-Cumming, and Speke; also Schweinfurth, Heart of Africa (London, 1873) ; Holub, Seren Years in South Africa (London, 1881) ; Baker. Wild Beasts and Their Ways (London, 1890).
See Plate of TAPIRS AND HIPPOPOTAMUS; and Colored Plate of PACHYDERMS.